Choose the case from the verb or preposition, not from the noun alone. The same person can appear in either case in different sentences.

The idea

Sehen takes an accusative object; helfen takes a dative complement. Geben commonly has both: the recipient in dative and the thing given in accusative. First identify the verb's pattern, then match gender, number and case. Comparing Ich sehe den Lehrer with Ich helfe dem Lehrer makes the article change visible.

Patterns to compare
VerbBeispiel
sehen + AkkusativIch sehe den Mann.
helfen + DativIch helfe dem Mann.
geben + Dativ + AkkusativIch gebe dem Mann den Stift.

Examples

  • Ich sehe den Lehrer.
  • Ich helfe dem Lehrer.
  • Sie kauft ein Buch.
  • Sie gibt dem Kind ein Buch.
  • Er fragt die Frau.
  • Er antwortet der Frau.

Read-aloud uses a synthetic German voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.

Watch out

“Person means dative” is not a rule. Ich sehe den Lehrer has a person in the accusative. Learn the whole verb pattern.

Try it yourself

  1. Ich sehe ___ Hund. (der)

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    den

    Sehen takes accusative. Masculine der Hund becomes den Hund.

  2. Ich gebe ___ Hund Wasser. (der)

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    dem

    The dog receives the water, so geben places it in the dative: dem Hund.

  3. Sie gibt dem Mann ___ Schlüssel. (der)

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    den

    The key is the thing given, so masculine der Schlüssel becomes den Schlüssel.

Use it today

Write two sentences about the same person, one with sehen and one with helfen. Add a third sentence about giving that person a book.