Choose a demonstrative to identify a singular or plural thing.

The idea

Use this for one thing near you and these for several things near you. Use that for one thing farther away and those for several: this book, those chairs. They can stand before nouns or replace them. Distance is often useful, though context can also influence the choice.

Examples

  • This book is mine.
  • That house is very old.
  • These apples are fresh.
  • Those chairs are near the door.
  • Is this your coat?
  • Are those your keys?

Read-aloud uses a synthetic English voice on your device. Quality and availability vary; it does not assess pronunciation.

Watch out

Do not pair a plural noun with this: say these apples, not this apples. The location contrast is a useful guide, not an absolute rule for every context.

Try it yourself

  1. One book here: ___ book is mine. (This / These)

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    This

    This refers to one thing near the speaker.

  2. Several apples here: ___ apples are fresh. (These / This)

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    These

    These refers to several things near the speaker.

  3. Several chairs over there: ___ chairs are near the door. (Those / That)

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    Those

    Those refers to several things farther away.

Use it today

Point to two nearby objects and two farther away. Write one phrase for each using the appropriate singular or plural form.