Two common groups of Spanish infinitives end in -er and -ir. Their regular present forms mostly share endings.

The idea

Remove the infinitive ending to get the stem. For comer, the forms shown are como, comes, come, comemos, coméis, comen; for vivir, they are vivo, vives, vive, vivimos, vivís, viven. The nosotros and vosotros endings differ between the groups.

Examples

  • Como fruta por la mañana.I eat fruit in the morning.
  • ¿Bebes agua durante el día?Do you drink water during the day?
  • Mi hermana vive cerca.My sister lives nearby.
  • Aprendemos palabras nuevas.We learn new words.
  • ¿Vivís en esta ciudad?Do you live in this city?
  • Ellas escriben cartas.They write letters.

Read-aloud uses a synthetic Spanish voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.

Watch out

Do not assume every -er or -ir verb follows this regular pattern: some change their stem or have other irregular forms.

Try it yourself

  1. Yo ___ fruta. (como / comen)

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    como

    With yo, regular comer becomes como.

  2. Nosotros ___ palabras. (aprendemos / aprenden)

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    aprendemos

    With nosotros, aprender takes -emos: aprendemos.

  3. Ella ___ cerca. (vive / vivimos)

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    vive

    The singular subject ella takes vive.

Use it today

Write one sentence about what you eat and another about where two people live. Match each verb to its subject.