Spanish preterite spelling: busqué, llegué and empecé
Practise the first-person preterite spelling changes in -car, -gar and -zar verbs with contextual Spanish examples.
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Choose a topic, read the examples and try the exercises before revealing the answers. Follow a related lesson when you are ready to use the same idea in a new situation.
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Ningún, ninguna and ninguno in Spanish
Choose ningún before a masculine singular noun, ninguna before a regular feminine noun, and ninguno when a masculine noun is omitted.
Read and practiseAlgún, alguna, alguno and algunos in Spanish
Choose the form of Spanish alguno according to the noun’s gender, number and whether the noun is stated or omitted.
Read and practiseToo much: agreement with demasiado
Excess quantity in Spanish changes form before a noun, while the form used with verbs and adjectives stays the same.
Read and practiseTan and tanto in Spanish comparisons of equality
Compare equal qualities with tan and equal quantities with forms of tanto, using como to introduce the comparison.
Read and practiseEstar a punto de: saying something is about to happen
Use estar a punto de plus an infinitive to describe an action that is imminent but has not yet begun.
Read and practiseSpanish stem-changing gerunds: durmiendo, pidiendo and sirviendo
Form and recognize common irregular -ir gerunds such as durmiendo, pidiendo and sirviendo in ongoing actions.
Read and practiseBetter and worse in Spanish
Compare quality with irregular forms for better and worse, including plural agreement and the word that introduces a comparison.
Read and practisePast habits with solía and an infinitive
Describe a repeated past habit using imperfect soler followed by an infinitive in natural contexts.
Read and practiseCommon irregular past participles with haber
Use abierto, escrito, roto and other common irregular participles after haber in the present perfect.
Read and practiseProfessions with ser: when to use an article
Describe a person's profession with ser and compare an unmodified profession with one described by an adjective.
Read and practiseMaterial and origin with ser de
A wooden table or a person from Peru: describe material and origin in Spanish with a short construction.
Read and practiseWeather with impersonal hace
From sunny afternoons to windy mornings, describe conditions in Spanish with impersonal hace and familiar weather nouns.
Read and practiseContinuing actions with seguir and a gerund
An action is still in progress: express its continuation with a conjugated verb and a Spanish gerund.
Read and practiseRegular present subjunctive endings
Wishes and requests call for a different set of endings: form the regular present subjunctive for each person.
Read and practiseTwo object pronouns: se lo and se la
Combine Spanish recipient and direct object pronouns, including the change from le or les to se before lo and la.
Read and practiseFour irregular subjunctives: ser, ir, estar and saber
Express wishes, doubts and reactions with four common irregular verbs in the present subjunctive, including their full person forms.
Read and practiseSubjunctive spelling: -car, -gar and -zar
In present subjunctive forms, a small spelling change keeps the original consonant sound before the new ending.
Read and practiseSubjunctive after emotions
Emotional reactions to another person’s actions call for a distinctive Spanish clause; explore the pattern and its infinitive contrast.
Read and practisePolite requests with podría and gustaría
Make courteous Spanish requests with the conditional forms podría and gustaría, and choose the right person.
Read and practiseRequests with the Spanish subjunctive
A request directed at someone else takes a subordinate clause: practise the Spanish subjunctive after a verb of asking.
Read and practiseSubjunctive after dudar que
Doubt about a claim calls for the Spanish subjunctive after dudar que; see how the verb agrees and practise choosing its form.
Read and practisePassive se: se vende and se venden
Describe actions without naming who performs them using Spanish passive se and singular or plural agreement.
Read and practiseSubjunctive after denying a fact
A denied claim calls for the subjunctive after que; compare it with an affirmative statement and practise choosing the verb form.
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