büyük: describing something big in Turkish
A large room, a bag and trees show how büyük describes size before a noun or as a predicate.
Read and practiseAdventure journal
Turkish adjectives
Explore Turkish describing words through natural phrases, contrasting meanings and short exercises.
Adventure journal
Turkish adjectives
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küçük: small things and small problems in Turkish
Keys, cups and minor problems illustrate küçük in Turkish, including its place before nouns.
Read and practiseuzun: length and duration in Turkish
A long rope, film and shirt sleeves reveal how uzun describes physical length and time in Turkish.
Read and practisekısa: short length and duration in Turkish
Brief messages, short breaks and sleeves illustrate how kısa describes limited length or time.
Read and practisesıcak: hot weather, food and warm welcomes
Tea, weather and a smile show how sıcak describes heat and, figuratively, a warm manner in Turkish.
Read and practisesoğuk: cold things and weather in Turkish
Cold milk, hands and winter weather illustrate soğuk as a state and contrast it with getting colder.
Read and practisekolay: describing easy tasks in Turkish
Recipes, questions and games show how kolay describes something easy before a noun or as a predicate.
Read and practisezor: difficult tasks and situations in Turkish
Questions, exams and a heavy bag show how zor describes difficulty rather than physical weight.
Read and practiseaçık: open, clear and light in Turkish
Doors, a clear answer and a light-blue bag show three common meanings of the Turkish adjective açık.
Read and practisekapalı: closed places and overcast skies
A library, box and cloudy sky show how kapalı describes a closed state or overcast weather.
Read and practisegüzel: beautiful and pleasant in Turkish
A garden, song and pleasant evening show how güzel describes beauty and enjoyable experiences.
Read and practiseiyi: good ideas and feeling well in Turkish
Neighbours, ideas and wellbeing show how iyi expresses goodness and how iyiyim says that I am well.
Read and practisekötü: bad conditions and feeling unwell in Turkish
Weather, news and personal feelings show how kötü describes something bad or an unpleasant state.
Read and practisemutlu: talking about happiness in Turkish
Feelings, family and good news show how mutlu describes happiness and how mutluyum expresses “I am happy”.
Read and practiseüzgün: sadness and saying sorry in Turkish
Feelings and an apology show how üzgün describes sadness and how üzgünüm can express regret.
Read and practiseyeni: new things and new experiences in Turkish
A notebook, neighbours and a word you have just learned show how yeni describes what is new.
Read and practiseeski: old objects and former roles in Turkish
A clock, photographs and a former teacher reveal how eski describes age or a previous role.
Read and practisegenç: describing young people and trees in Turkish
A teacher, musician and young trees show how genç describes age without implying someone is new.
Read and practiseyaşlı: describing older living things in Turkish
A neighbour, grandfather and old tree show how yaşlı describes a living being of advanced age.
Read and practisepahalı: describing expensive things in Turkish
Shoes, a ticket and a hotel illustrate pahalı for a price that feels high in context.
Read and practiseucuz: describing low prices in Turkish
A ticket, restaurant and market stall illustrate ucuz for a price considered low in context.
Read and practisetemiz: describing clean things in Turkish
A table, glass and fresh air show how temiz describes cleanliness before a noun or as a predicate.
Read and practisekirli: describing dirty objects in Turkish
Shoes, plates and windows illustrate kirli for objects with visible dirt or stains.
Read and practisehızlı: fast things and actions in Turkish
A train, walking and an internet connection show how hızlı describes speed in Turkish.
Read and practiseyavaş: slow things and actions in Turkish
A bus, speaking and walking show how yavaş describes slow speed in Turkish.
Read and practiseerken: saying early in Turkish
Getting up, meetings and trains show how erken locates an action earlier in time.
Read and practisegeç: saying late in Turkish
Bus arrivals, replies and classes show how geç places an event late or after the expected time.
Read and practiseyakın: near places and close friends in Turkish
School, a station and a close friend show how yakın describes physical or personal closeness.
Read and practiseuzak: faraway places and distant relatives
A station, village and distant relatives show how uzak describes physical distance or a family relationship.
Read and practisedolu: full containers and busy schedules
A glass, bus and schedule show how dolu describes something full in literal and everyday contexts.
Read and practiseboş: empty containers and free time
An empty box, a free seat and spare time show how boş describes space or time without contents or commitments.
Read and practiseılık: lukewarm water and mild weather
Soup, water and weather show how ılık describes a mildly warm temperature rather than hot or cold.
Read and practisegeniş: wide streets and spacious rooms
A street, room and bag show how geniş can describe width or spaciousness in Turkish.
Read and practisedar: narrow spaces and tight clothing
A street, corridor and shirt show how dar describes restricted width or a tight fit in Turkish.
Read and practiseyüksek: high places, loud sound and prices
Buildings, sound and price show how yüksek describes height or a high level in Turkish.
Read and practisealçak: low objects and quiet voices
A wall, shelf and quiet voice show how alçak describes a low height or low sound level in Turkish.
Read and practisedoğru: correct answers and the right road
Answers, an address and a road show how doğru describes accuracy or the right choice in Turkish.
Read and practiseyanlış: wrong answers, numbers and places
Answers, phone numbers and bus stops show how yanlış identifies something incorrect or mistaken in Turkish.
Read and practisesağlıklı: talking about health in Turkish
A cat, tree and person illustrate sağlıklı for being healthy or in good condition.
Read and practiseçirkin: unattractive things and hurtful words
Patterns, stains and hurtful words show how çirkin can express an unpleasant judgment in Turkish.
Read and practiseağır: describing heavy objects in Turkish
A suitcase, load and wooden table show how ağır describes weight and perceived heaviness.
Read and practisehafif: light objects, rain and meals
A backpack, light rain and lunch show how hafif describes low weight or mild intensity in Turkish.
Read and practisekalın: thick objects and a deep voice
Books, walls and a voice show how kalın describes thickness or a low-pitched voice in Turkish.
Read and practiseince: thin objects and a high-pitched voice
Glass, a slice of bread and a voice show how ince describes thinness or a high-pitched voice in Turkish.
Read and practisesert: hard surfaces and harsh voices
Stone, bread and a voice show how sert describes firmness or a harsh manner in Turkish.
Read and practiseyumuşak: soft textures and gentle voices
A pillow, bread and a voice show how yumuşak describes a soft texture or gentle tone in Turkish.
Read and practisekuru: dry things and raisins in Turkish
Towels, leaves and raisins show how kuru describes dryness and forms the expression kuru üzüm.
Read and practiseıslak: wet objects and wet wipes
A towel, shoes and a wet wipe show how ıslak describes wetness and appears in an everyday item name.
Read and practisetatlı: sweet tastes, desserts and kind words
An apple, dessert and kind words show how tatlı can describe sweetness or name a dessert.
Read and practiseacı: bitter coffee and spicy peppers
Coffee, peppers and sauce show how acı can describe bitterness or spiciness depending on the food.
Read and practiseekşi: sour fruit, yogurt and sauces
Lemon, apple and yogurt show how ekşi describes a sour or tangy taste in Turkish.
Read and practisetuzlu: salty flavours and steep prices
Soup, sea water and a price show how tuzlu describes saltiness or, figuratively, an expensive price.
Read and practisetaze: fresh food and freshly made tea
Bread, vegetables and tea show how taze describes freshness in different food contexts.
Read and practisebayat: stale food, tea and jokes
Bread, tea and a repeated joke show how bayat describes lost freshness or a worn-out idea.
Read and practiseaç: hungry or the command to open
Hunger and a door show how aç can be an adjective or an informal command, depending on context.
Read and practisetok: expressing fullness after eating
A person, a child and a meal show how tok describes feeling full after eating.
Read and practisesessiz: quiet places and quiet speech
A room, library and request to speak quietly show how sessiz describes little sound in Turkish.
Read and practisegürültülü: noisy streets and machines
A café, street and machine show how gürültülü describes a lot of noise in Turkish.
Read and practisekalabalık: crowded places and large families
A bus, meeting and family show how kalabalık describes a large number of people.
Read and practisesakin: calm people, places and sea
A person, an avenue and the sea show how sakin describes calm in different contexts.
Read and practiserahat: comfortable things and feeling at ease
An armchair, a shoe and home show how rahat describes comfort or feeling at ease.
Read and practiseyorgun: describing tiredness in Turkish
A traveller, a walk and an evening illustrate yorgun for feeling tired.
Read and practisegüçlü: strong teams, wind and signals
A team, wind and a signal show how güçlü describes strength or intensity in different contexts.
Read and practisezayıf: weak signals and faint light
Use zayıf for weak signals, faint light and weak evidence, and contrast it with güçlü in everyday contexts.
Read and practisegüvenli: safe places and routes
Learn güvenli for safe places, roads and storage, and contrast it with tehlikeli in context.
Read and practisetehlikeli: dangerous roads and places
Learn tehlikeli for dangerous roads, bends and activities, and contrast it with güvenli in context.
Read and practiseönemli: important questions and priorities
Learn önemli for important questions, meetings and priorities, including negation and the form en önemli.
Read and practisemümkün: asking whether plans are possible
Learn mümkün to ask whether a plan is possible, say it is not possible and discuss available dates.
Read and practisegerekli: necessary documents and information
Learn gerekli for necessary documents and information, ask about requirements and express that something is not needed.
Read and practiseuygun: suitable times, places and things
Learn uygun for a convenient time or a suitable place, and practise saying what suits a person or purpose.
Read and practisefarklı: different colors, routes and answers
Learn farklı to compare colors and answers or choose another route, including the ablative comparison pattern.
Read and practiseaynı: the same city, bus and answer
Learn aynı to describe the same city, bus or answer, and contrast sameness with farklı in context.
Read and practisehazır: ready for a meal or meeting
Learn hazır for ready meals, prepared lists and being ready for a meeting, including the dative ending.
Read and practisemeşgul: busy people and telephone lines
Learn meşgul for a busy person or phone line, and ask whether someone is available to talk.
Read and practisemeraklı: curiosity and interest in a subject
Learn meraklı for curious people and interests such as music, including the dative ending in müziğe meraklı.
Read and practisedikkatli: careful people and actions
Learn dikkatli for a careful driver, walking safely and reading questions with attention in everyday situations.
Read and practisenazik: polite words and kind behavior
Learn nazik for polite questions, kind neighbors and courteous replies, including the adverb nazikçe.
Read and practisekaba: rude words and coarse fabric
Learn kaba for rude speech and coarse fabric, and use context to distinguish social behavior from texture.
Read and practisecesur: brave choices and speaking up
Learn cesur for brave decisions and actions, and see why bravery can coexist with fear or asking for help.
Read and practiseutangaç: feeling shy around new people
Learn utangaç for shyness in class or around new people, and use utangaçça for a shy smile.
Read and practisederin: deep water, breathing and discussion
Learn derin for depth in water and containers, a deep breath and a thorough discussion in context.
Read and practisesığ: shallow water and superficial discussion
Learn sığ for shallow water and containers, and for a superficial discussion that lacks depth.
Read and practisedüz: straight lines and level surfaces
Learn düz for straight roads and hair, level surfaces and directions such as düz devam edin.
Read and practiseeğri: curved lines and crooked pictures
Learn eğri for curved lines, bent branches and pictures hanging crooked, and compare it with düz.
Read and practisekeskin: sharp blades, smells and bends
Learn keskin for sharp blades, penetrating smells and sudden changes, with examples that separate its senses.
Read and practisekör: blunt blades and blind spots
Learn kör for a blunt blade and the fixed phrase kör nokta, contrasting the blade sense with keskin.
Read and practiseparlak: bright light, shiny surfaces and vivid colors
Learn parlak for bright light, shiny surfaces and vivid colors, including its figurative sense of promise.
Read and practisesoluk: pale colors, dim light and a breath
Learn soluk for pale colors and dim light, and distinguish this adjective from the noun meaning breath.
Read and practiseşeffaf: transparent materials and decisions
Learn şeffaf for see-through materials and open decision-making, and distinguish visibility from invisibility.
Read and practisepürüzlü: rough, uneven surfaces
Learn pürüzlü for rough stone, wood and paper surfaces, and contrast it with the smooth form pürüzsüz.
Read and practisekırılgan: fragile objects and situations
Learn kırılgan for breakable objects and vulnerable situations, and contrast fragility with durability.
Read and practisedayanıklı: durable materials and resistance
Learn dayanıklı for durable materials and resistance to water or wear, including the dative in suya dayanıklı.
Read and practiseverimli: productive meetings and efficient use
Learn verimli for productive work, efficient resource use and fertile soil, with examples that distinguish the contexts.
Read and practiseyararlı: useful information and benefits
Learn yararlı for useful information, helpful suggestions and benefits, including the dative in sağlığa yararlı.
Read and practisezararlı: harmful substances and effects
Learn zararlı for harmful smoke, substances and environmental effects, including the dative in sağlığa zararlı.
Read and practisegeçerli: valid documents, rules and reasons
Learn geçerli for valid tickets and documents, applicable rules and sound reasons in everyday contexts.
Read and practiseyaygın: widespread use and common practices
Learn yaygın for widespread practices, common words and misunderstandings, with attention to the relevant community.
Read and practisenadir: rare events, words and opportunities
Learn nadir for rare events and words and nadiren for infrequency, while distinguishing rarity from value.
Read and practisesürekli: continuous sounds and repeated actions
Learn sürekli for uninterrupted sounds and repeated actions, and distinguish these two uses from occasional events.
Read and practisegeçici: temporary addresses, work and solutions
Learn geçici for temporary addresses, assignments and solutions, including the phrase geçici olarak.
Read and practisekalıcı: lasting changes and permanent collections
Learn kalıcı for lasting solutions, permanent collections and enduring impressions, contrasting it with geçici.
Read and practisebağımsız: independent decisions and research
Learn bağımsız for independent decisions and research, including the ablative in bağışçılardan bağımsız.
Read and practiseözgür: freedom to choose and express opinions
Learn özgür for freedom of choice and expression, and özgürce for doing something freely.
Read and practisesorumlu: being responsible for a task
Learn sorumlu for responsibility for projects and tasks, including the ablative ending in projeden sorumlu.
Read and practisedürüst: honest answers and behavior
Learn dürüst for honest answers and behavior and dürüstçe for explaining or speaking honestly.
Read and practiseadil: fair decisions and treatment
Learn adil for fair decisions, evaluation and treatment, with attention to circumstances and clear criteria.
Read and practisehaklı: being right or justified
Learn haklı to agree that someone is right or that a complaint has grounds, and distinguish it from factual correctness.
Read and practisehaksız: unjustified accusations and unfair treatment
Learn haksız for unjustified accusations, being wrong and unfair treatment, including haksız yere.
Read and practisesabırlı: patience while waiting and learning
Learn sabırlı for patient people and behavior while waiting, listening or learning something new.
Read and practisesabırsız: impatience and eager anticipation
Learn sabırsız for impatience while waiting and eager anticipation, including sabırsızlanmak for looking forward.
Read and practisekıskanç: jealousy and envy
Learn kıskanç for jealousy and envy, the noun kıskançlık and the verb kıskanmak in everyday contexts.
Read and practisecömert: generosity with time and resources
Learn cömert for generosity with time, knowledge or resources and cömertçe for sharing generously.
Read and practisecimri: stinginess and careful spending
Learn cimri for unwillingness to share despite having means, and distinguish stinginess from saving or limited resources.
Read and practiseciddi: serious problems and taking things seriously
Learn ciddi for serious problems, serious conversation and the expression ciddiye almak.
Read and practiseesnek: flexible materials and adaptable plans
Learn esnek for bendable materials and adaptable schedules or rules, and distinguish flexibility from having no rules.
Read and practisekesin: definite dates and certain information
Learn kesin for definite dates and decisions, certain information and the verb kesinleşmek.
Read and practisebelirsiz: uncertain dates and vague answers
Learn belirsiz for uncertain dates and vague answers and belirsizlik for uncertainty, contrasting kesin.
Read and practisedoğal: natural light, resources and reactions
Learn doğal for natural light and resources as well as ordinary reactions, without equating natural with safe.
Read and practiseyapay: artificial light, materials and lakes
Learn yapay for human-made light, materials and lakes, and distinguish artificial origin from poor quality.
Read and practisekaliteli: quality in materials and services
Learn kaliteli for high-quality materials, service and recordings, and evaluate quality by purpose rather than price alone.
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