Replace the final ます with ません: 食べます becomes 食べません. The verb stem stays the same. Compare the examples, then use the table to build your own sentences.
The idea
Replace the final ます with ません: 食べます becomes 食べません. The verb stem stays the same. The non-past ません can describe a habit or a future plan; time words show which. For a past negative, use ませんでした.
| Starting form | Form or example |
|---|---|
| 食べます | 食べません |
| 読みます | 読みません |
| します | しません |
| 行きます | 行きませんでした |
Examples
- 私は朝コーヒーを飲みません。I don't drink coffee in the morning.
- 弟は肉を食べません。My younger brother doesn't eat meat.
- 明日、私は働きません。I won't work tomorrow.
- 今日は電車で行きません。I'm not going by train today.
- 日曜日は店が開きません。The shop doesn't open on Sundays.
- 田中さんは英語を話しません。Tanaka doesn't speak English.
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Watch out
Do not attach ません to a noun or です. Noun sentences use forms such as ではありません instead.
Try it yourself
Write the polite negative form. 「食べます」→ __
Show answer or example answer
食べません
食べません — Replace the final ます with ません: 食べます becomes 食べません. The verb stem stays the same.
Choose the form that completes the sentence. 明日、行き__。(ません/ませんでした)
Show answer or example answer
ません
ません — The non-past ません can describe a habit or a future plan; time words show which. For a past negative, use ませんでした.
Write the polite past negative form. 「読みます」→ __
Show answer or example answer
読みませんでした
読みませんでした — The non-past ません can describe a habit or a future plan; time words show which. For a past negative, use ませんでした.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Japanese sentences where available. We keep your score.
Write the polite negative form. 「食べます」→ __
Choose the form that completes the sentence. 明日、行き__。(ません/ませんでした)
Write the polite past negative form. 「読みます」→ __
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
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Cover the examples. Make two new sentences using the pattern, then check them against the table.

