Replace the final い of the ない-form with くてはいけません: 読まない becomes 読まなくてはいけません.
The idea
Replace the final い of the ない-form with くてはいけません: 読まない becomes 読まなくてはいけません. なければいけません is another common form expressing obligation.
| Starting form | Form or example |
|---|---|
| 読む | 読まなくてはいけません |
| 食べる | 食べなくてはいけません |
| する | しなくてはいけません |
| 来る | 来なくてはいけません |
| 読む | 読まなければいけません |
Examples
- 水を飲まなくてはいけません。I have to drink water.
- 宿題をしなくてはいけません。I have to do the homework.
- ここに名前を書かなくてはいけません。I have to write my name here.
- 切符を買わなくてはいけません。I have to buy a ticket.
- 学校に行かなくてはいけません。I have to go to school.
- 明日ここに来なければいけません。I have to come here tomorrow.
Read-aloud uses a synthetic Japanese voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.
No Japanese device voice is available. You can still read the text and use the linked listening resources.
Watch out
This means “must”, not “must not”: the negative condition combines with いけない to express necessity. Informal speech often shortens なくては to なくちゃ.
Try it yourself
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「読む」→__
Show answer or example answer
読まなくてはいけません
読む → 読まない → 読まなくてはいけません — Replace the final い of the ない-form with くてはいけません: 読まない becomes 読まなくてはいけません. なければいけません is another common form expressing obligation.
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「食べる」→__
Show answer or example answer
食べなくてはいけません
食べる → 食べない → 食べなくてはいけません — Replace the final い of the ない-form with くてはいけません: 読まない becomes 読まなくてはいけません. なければいけません is another common form expressing obligation.
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「する」→__
Show answer or example answer
しなくてはいけません
する → しない → しなくてはいけません — Replace the final い of the ない-form with くてはいけません: 読まない becomes 読まなくてはいけません. なければいけません is another common form expressing obligation.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Japanese sentences where available. We keep your score.
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「読む」→__
読まなくてはいけません
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「食べる」→__
食べなくてはいけません
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「する」→__
しなくてはいけません
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Keep your progress
Sign up for free to save your practice results in your account.
Sign up to saveI already have an accountUse it today
Cover the table, then make two sentences of your own and check both the form and meaning.

