You will build the forms of kedi (cat) with the plural, case and possessive endings and see what happens when a noun already ends in i.
The idea
Kedi ends in a vowel, so an ending that starts with a vowel needs a joining consonant: y in kediye and kediyi, n in kedinin, s in kedisi. Endings that start with a consonant join directly: kediler, kedide, kediden, kedimiz. Every ending vowel is a front vowel (e, i), because the last vowel of kedi is i. After a vowel the possessive ending loses its own vowel: kedim (my cat), kedin (your cat).
| Ending | With kedi | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| -ler | kediler | cats |
| -yi | kediyi | the cat (object) |
| -ye | kediye | to the cat |
| -de | kedide | on the cat |
| -den | kediden | from the cat |
| -nin | kedinin | of the cat |
| -m | kedim | my cat |
| -n | kedin | your cat |
| -si | kedisi | his or her cat |
| -miz | kedimiz | our cat |
| -niz | kediniz | your cat (you all, or polite) |
| -leri | kedileri | their cat |
Examples
- Kedim pencerede uyuyor.My cat is sleeping at the window.
- Ali kediyi seviyor.Ali likes the cat.
- Komşunun kedisi bahçede.The neighbour's cat is in the garden.Both words carry an ending: komşu + nun names the owner, and kedi + si shows whose cat it is. After a vowel the ending is si, not i.
- kedilerimmy catskediler-ler / -lar: the plural suffixim-im / -ım / -um / -üm / -m: my
- kedimizdenfrom our catkedimiz-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: ourden-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
- kedininof the catkedinin-in / -ın / -un / -ün: of, ’s (the genitive)
- kedisinihis or her cat (object)kedisi-i / -si: his, her, itsni-i / -ı / -u / -ü: marking the definite object
- Onun kedisi çok küçük.His or her cat is very small.Onun means his, her or its, since Turkish has no gender. It can be dropped when it is clear who is meant: Kedisi çok küçük.
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Watch out
Two vowels do not pile up: kediim and kedii are wrong, the forms are kedim (my cat) and kedisi (his or her cat). Also, kediyi is the object form (the cat as an object), not "his or her cat".
Try it yourself
Add the accusative to kedi: Ali likes the cat.
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kediyi
kediyi: the object of seviyor takes the accusative, and after the vowel i the ending needs a joining y, so -yi.
Say "my cat" with kedi.
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kedim
kedim: after a vowel the ending for "my" is only -m; adding -im would put two vowels side by side.
Say "his or her cat" with kedi.
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kedisi
kedisi: the third-person ending after a vowel is -si, with the joining consonant s, not -i.
Put kedi in the right form: the child gives milk to the cat.
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kediye
kediye: the one who receives the milk takes the dative, and the vowel-initial -e gets a joining y.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Add the accusative to kedi: Ali likes the cat.
Say "my cat" with kedi.
Say "his or her cat" with kedi.
Put kedi in the right form: the child gives milk to the cat.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: my cats
Tap the parts in order to build this word: from our cat
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Write four short sentences about a pet or street cat, using kedim, kediye, kediyi and kedisi once each.