You will say “my” by adding one ending to a noun, and get the vowel, the -m after vowels and the softened consonant right.
The idea
The ending that means “my” sits on the noun itself: ev becomes evim, kız becomes kızım. After a consonant it is -im, -ım, -um or -üm, following the last vowel (e i → -im, a ı → -ım, o u → -um, ö ü → -üm). After a vowel only -m is added: araba → arabam, kedi → kedim.
| Last vowel | After a consonant | Example | After a vowel | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | -ım | adım | -m | arabam |
| ı | -ım | kızım | -m | kapım |
| o | -um | kolum | -m | paltom |
| u | -um | okulum | -m | uykum |
| e | -im | evim | -m | elbisem |
| i | -im | dişim | -m | kedim |
| ö | -üm | gözüm | — | — |
| ü | -üm | günüm | -m | ütüm |
Examples
- Babam bugün evde.My father is at home today.
- Telefonum şimdi çantamda.My phone is in my bag now.
- Kedim şimdi bahçede.My cat is in the garden now.
- Benim adım Elif.My name is Elif.The idea of “my” is already in -ım, so benim is optional and only stresses “mine”: Adım Elif is the plain form.
- cebimdein my pocketcebim-im / -ım / -um / -üm / -m: myde-de / -da / -te / -ta: in, at, on
- evlerimmy housesevler-ler / -lar: the plural suffixim-im / -ım / -um / -üm / -m: my
- arabamdanfrom my cararabam-im / -ım / -um / -üm / -m: mydan-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
- kitaplarımdain my bookskitaplar-ler / -lar: the plural suffixım-im / -ım / -um / -üm / -m: myda-de / -da / -te / -ta: in, at, on
- çocuğummy childThe k of çocuk becomes ğ before the vowel of the ending: çocuğum, not çocukum. Most nouns of two or more syllables ending in p, ç, t or k soften like this (p→b, ç→c, t→d, k→ğ).
- atımmy horseA one-syllable word such as at usually keeps its t: atım, not adım. Compare adım, “my name”. Check a dictionary for a word you are unsure of.
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Watch out
Two slips are common. After a vowel the ending is just -m, so arabam is right and arabaım is wrong. And a final p ç t k often softens before the ending: kitabım, not kitapım; also ağacım and çocuğum.
Try it yourself
Add “my” to araba (car): my car.
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arabam
arabam: araba ends in the vowel a, so only -m is added and no extra vowel appears.
Add “my” to kitap (book): my book.
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kitabım
kitabım: the final p softens to b before a vowel, and the last vowel a gives -ım.
Add “my” to göz (eye): my eye.
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gözüm
gözüm: the last vowel ö is front and rounded, so the ending is -üm; the z does not change.
Add “my” to çocuk (child): my child.
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çocuğum
çocuğum: the k softens to ğ, and the back rounded vowel o gives -um.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Add “my” to araba (car): my car.
Add “my” to kitap (book): my book.
Add “my” to göz (eye): my eye.
Add “my” to çocuk (child): my child.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: in my pocket
Tap the parts in order to build this word: my houses
Keep your progress
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Write five things you own as “my …” in Turkish, for example a bag, a phone, a book. For each one check whether it ends in a vowel and whether its last consonant softens.