You will use the noun gömlek (shirt) with the plural, the possessives and the cases, and know when its final k becomes ğ.
The idea
The final k of gömlek becomes ğ before an ending that starts with a vowel: gömleğim, gömleğe, gömleği. Before an ending that starts with a consonant it stays: gömlekte, gömlekten, gömlekler.
| Ending | Form | Stem ends in |
|---|---|---|
| -ler | gömlekler | k |
| -te | gömlekte | k |
| -ten | gömlekten | k |
| -e | gömleğe | ğ |
| -i | gömleği | ğ |
| -im | gömleğim | ğ |
| -imiz | gömleğimiz | ğ |
| -leri | gömlekleri | k |
| -lerim | gömleklerim | k |
Examples
- Ali gömleğini ütülüyor.Ali is ironing his shirt.Before the vowel of -i (his) the k becomes ğ: gömleğ-i-ni. The n is a joining letter before the accusative ending.
- Mağazadan yeni bir gömlek aldık.We bought a new shirt from the shop.No ending is needed here: with bir (a) the shirt is not a particular one, so the object stays bare. Compare Gömleği aldık: we bought the shirt.
- Annem gömlekleri dolaba koydu.My mother put the shirts into the wardrobe.
- Gömlekte leke var.There is a stain on the shirt.The k stays before -te, because -te starts with a consonant: gömlekte, not gömleğte. The voiceless k also chooses t.
- Gömleğe düğme dikeceğim.I will sew a button on the shirt.Before the vowel of -e (onto, to) the k becomes ğ: gömleğe. The same change is in dikeceğim (dikecek + im); ben is dropped.
- Gömlekten leke çıkmadı.The stain did not come out of the shirt.
- gömleğimdeon my shirtgömleğim-im / -ım / -um / -üm / -m: myde-de / -da / -te / -ta: in, at, on
- gömleklerimizour shirtsgömlekler-ler / -lar: the plural suffiximiz-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: our
- gömleğimizdenfrom our shirtgömleğimiz-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: ourden-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
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Watch out
Do not write gömlekim for my shirt: the vowel of -im triggers the change, so it is gömleğim. But the ğ does not travel further: my shirts is gömleklerim, not gömleğlerim, and gömleğte is wrong because -te starts with a consonant.
Try it yourself
Add "my" to gömlek (shirt): my shirt.
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gömleğim
gömleğim: the ending -im starts with a vowel, so the k of gömlek becomes ğ.
Add the locative to gömlek (shirt): on the shirt.
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gömlekte
gömlekte: -te starts with a consonant, so the k stays; and because k is voiceless, the ending is -te, not -de.
Make "our shirts" from gömlek (shirt): plural first, then "our".
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gömleklerimiz
gömleklerimiz: the plural -ler comes first and starts with a consonant, so the k stays; -imiz attaches to -ler, not to the stem.
Add the dative to gömlek (shirt): to the shirt.
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gömleğe
gömleğe: the dative -e starts with a vowel, so the k becomes ğ.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Add "my" to gömlek (shirt): my shirt.
Add the locative to gömlek (shirt): on the shirt.
Make "our shirts" from gömlek (shirt): plural first, then "our".
Add the dative to gömlek (shirt): to the shirt.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: on my shirt
Tap the parts in order to build this word: our shirts
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Write three sentences about the clothes in your wardrobe, using gömlek with a possessive, a case and the plural. Circle each k or ğ and say which ending follows it.