For godan verbs change the final う-row kana to the corresponding え-row and add る: 読む→読める.
The idea
For godan verbs change the final う-row kana to the corresponding え-row and add る: 読む→読める. For ichidan verbs replace る with られる: 食べる→食べられる. The irregulars are する→できる and 来る→来られる.
| Starting form | Form or example |
|---|---|
| 読む | 読める/読めます |
| 買う | 買える/買えます |
| 食べる | 食べられる/食べられます |
| する | できる/できます |
| 来る | 来られる/来られます |
Examples
- 窓が開けられます。I can open the window.
- 水が飲めます。I can drink water.
- この本が読めます。I can read this book.
- ここで写真が撮れます。I can take photos here.
- ここで電話ができます。I can make a phone call here.
- 明日ここに来られません。I cannot come here tomorrow.
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Watch out
A potential verb can describe ability or circumstances, and its object is often marked が rather than を. Ichidan られる also has a passive use, distinguished by context.
Try it yourself
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「読む」→__
Show answer or example answer
読めます
読む → 読める → 読めます — For godan verbs change the final う-row kana to the corresponding え-row and add る: 読む→読める. For ichidan verbs replace る with られる: 食べる→食べられる. The irregulars are する→できる and 来る→来られる.
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「食べる」→__
Show answer or example answer
食べられます
食べる → 食べられる → 食べられます — For godan verbs change the final う-row kana to the corresponding え-row and add る: 読む→読める. For ichidan verbs replace る with られる: 食べる→食べられる. The irregulars are する→できる and 来る→来られる.
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「する」→__
Show answer or example answer
できます
する → できる → できます — For godan verbs change the final う-row kana to the corresponding え-row and add る: 読む→読める. For ichidan verbs replace る with られる: 食べる→食べられる. The irregulars are する→できる and 来る→来られる.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Japanese sentences where available. We keep your score.
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「読む」→__
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「食べる」→__
Complete the transformation using this lesson’s pattern: 「する」→__
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Keep your progress
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Cover the table, then make two sentences of your own and check both the form and meaning.

