Both link contrasting clauses, but のに adds an expectation that the outcome goes against.

The idea

Use けれど after a plain clause, or after です/ます for polite speech: 小さいけれど、明るいです. It simply presents a contrast; けど is a conversational variant. のに follows plain verbs and い-adjectives, but nouns and な-adjectives take な: 日曜日なのに, 便利なのに. It marks a result contrary to what the speaker expected.

Patterns to compare
FormExample
けれど小ちいさいけれど
のに勉強べんきょうしたのに
なのに日曜日にちようびなのに
なのに便利べんりなのに

Examples

  • この部屋へやは小ちいさいけれど、明あかるいです。This room is small, but bright.
  • 勉強べんきょうしたけれど、よくわかりませんでした。I studied, but I did not understand.
  • 勉強べんきょうしたのに、よくわかりませんでした。Although I studied, I did not understand.
  • 日曜日にちようびなのに、仕事しごとをしなければなりません。Although it is Sunday, I have to work.
  • 便利べんりなのに、駅えきが遠とおいです。Although it is convenient, the station is far away.
  • 雨あめが降ふっていますけれど、出でかけます。It is raining, but I will go out.

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Watch out

のに can suggest surprise or dissatisfaction, not just “but”. It generally does not introduce a request or command in the following clause; use けれど when stating a contrast before a request.

Try it yourself

  1. Choose the neutral contrast: この部屋へやは小ちいさい__、明あかるいです。(けれど/のに)

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    けれど

    けれど gives the requested neutral contrast; のに would add an unexpected-outcome nuance.

  2. Choose the form that emphasizes an unexpected result: 勉強べんきょうした__、わかりませんでした。(けれど/のに)

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    のに

    のに highlights the surprising failure to understand despite studying; けれど would be more neutral.

  3. Complete the unexpected contrast after the noun: 日曜日にちようび__、仕事しごとがあります。(なのに/のに)

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    なのに

    なのに joins the noun 日曜日 to のに; 日曜日のに is not the standard form.

Use it today

Describe a room with けれど, then something that surprised you with のに. Choose the form or attachment specified in each item.