A negative form can describe something good: unutulmaz means unforgettable. At B2, distinguish a noun description from a complete statement, then contrast negation with the expressive evaluation in okunası.
The idea
Before a noun, -maz/-mez can describe a general negative property: kırılmaz cam is glass that does not break. In Bu cam kırılmaz., the same form is a finite verb and makes the statement. -ası/-esi is not a negative suffix: okunası bir yazı presents an article as worth reading, while görülesi means worth seeing. These evaluations are expressive, often literary. With a possessive ending and var/yok, the construction expresses desire: çıkasım var means I feel like going out; çıkasım yok denies that desire.
| Expression | Function |
|---|---|
| kırılmaz cam | Negative description of a noun |
| Bu cam kırılmaz. | Finite negative statement |
| okunası bir yazı | Favourable evaluation |
| çıkasım yok | Absence of desire |
Examples
- Bu kutuda kırılmaz bardaklar var.There are unbreakable drinking glasses in this box.
- Bu köyde unutulmaz bir gün geçirdik.We spent an unforgettable day in this village.
- Yan odada bitmez bir tartışma sürüyor.An endless argument is going on in the next room.
- Bu cam kırılmaz.This glass does not break.
- Bu dergide okunası bir yazı var.There is an article worth reading in this magazine.
- Tepede görülesi bir manzara var.There is a view worth seeing at the top of the hill.
- Bugün dışarı çıkasım var.I feel like going out today.
- Bugün dışarı çıkasım yok.I do not feel like going out today.
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Watch out
Do not confuse grammatical negation with a bad opinion. Unutulmaz bir gün can be praise even though its form is negative. Conversely, okunası is not “unreadable”. Look at what the whole construction says; in çıkasım yok, the absence of desire comes from yok.
Try it yourself
Choose kırılmaz or kırılası: this bottle is made of unbreakable glass.
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kırılmaz
kırılmaz: the bottle is made from glass that resists breaking; kırılası would express a wish or evaluation, not this material property.
Choose okunası or okunmaz: the article is worth reading.
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okunası
okunası: the prompt recommends the article as worth reading. Okunmaz would instead say it is not read or cannot be read, depending on context.
In Bu cam kırılmaz., classify kırılmaz: write sıfat-fiil (participle) or çekimli fiil (finite verb).
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çekimli fiil
çekimli fiil: here kırılmaz is the predicate about bu cam. Compare kırılmaz cam, where it modifies the following noun.
Choose var or yok: I do not feel like going out today.
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yok
yok: the speaker has no desire to go out. Replacing it with var would affirm the desire while leaving çıkasım unchanged.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Choose kırılmaz or kırılası: this bottle is made of unbreakable glass.
Choose okunası or okunmaz: the article is worth reading.
In Bu cam kırılmaz., classify kırılmaz: write sıfat-fiil (participle) or çekimli fiil (finite verb).
Choose var or yok: I do not feel like going out today.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Keep your progress
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Describe a durable object and recommend something worth reading. Then write two sentences with çıkasım var/yok. Underline the described nouns and circle the word that denies the desire.