Use ders for a lesson or a class, whether you attend it or study its content. This page follows the noun through its cases, plural and possessives so you can describe a real study routine.
The idea
The stem ders stays intact: dersi, derse, dersler, dersimiz. Its final s gives derste and dersten, but after a possessive ending you get dersimizde, with d after z. Context identifies the ending in dersi: it can mark a specific object or mean his/her lesson. Compare bu dersi with onun dersi; in his/her class is onun dersinde.
| Use | Form |
|---|---|
| Base: lesson / class | ders |
| Accusative: a specific lesson | dersi |
| Dative: to class | derse |
| Locative: in class | derste |
| Ablative: from class | dersten |
| Genitive: of the lesson | dersin |
| Plural: lessons | dersler |
| My lesson | dersim |
| Your lesson (singular) | dersin |
| His/her lesson | dersi |
| Our lesson | dersimiz |
| Your lesson (plural/polite) | dersiniz |
| Their lesson(s) | onların dersleri |
| Our lessons | derslerimiz |
| In our class | dersimizde |
| In his/her class | onun dersinde |
| From our lessons | derslerimizden |
Examples
- Bugün derse erken geldik.We arrived early for class today.
- Bu dersi birlikte çalışalım.Let’s study this lesson together.
- Dersimiz bugün erken bitiyor.Our class finishes early today.
- Derste telefonumu kapatıyorum.I turn off my phone in class.
- Dersten sonra kütüphaneye gidiyoruz.We go to the library after class.
- Dersin konusu günlük alışveriş.The topic of the lesson is everyday shopping.
- Her akşam yarım saat ders çalışıyorum.I study for half an hour every evening.
- Onun dersinde herkes soru soruyor.Everyone asks questions in his or her class.
- derslerimizdenfrom our lessonsdersler-ler / -lar: the plural suffiximiz-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: ourden-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
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Watch out
For studying as an activity, use ders çalışmak: Her akşam ders çalışıyorum. Do not automatically add -i. With a particular lesson as the object, bu dersi çalışmak is correct. The two forms express different meanings; dersi is not simply a more complete version of ders.
Try it yourself
Complete: we do not use phones in this class. Write the missing form of ders.
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derste
derste: the sentence locates the phone rule within this class. The locative follows the voiceless s directly, so its first consonant is t; the stem itself does not change.
Complete: our lessons are short today. Use the plural possessive form of ders.
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derslerimiz
derslerimiz: more than one lesson is shared by us. Put the plural -ler before the possessive -imiz. Bizim makes the owners explicit but does not replace the noun’s possessive ending.
Complete: there are two new students in his or her class. Write only the missing word.
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dersinde
dersinde: onun identifies a third-person owner, and the students are in that person’s class. Add -n- and -de to dersi. Without onun, the same written form can also mean in your class.
Complete the usual expression for studying in general: I study every evening. Write only the missing word.
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ders
ders: this sentence names the regular activity of studying, with no particular lesson as its object. The bare noun belongs to the expression ders çalışmak; an accusative would change that reading.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete: we do not use phones in this class. Write the missing form of ders.
Complete: our lessons are short today. Use the plural possessive form of ders.
Complete: there are two new students in his or her class. Write only the missing word.
Complete the usual expression for studying in general: I study every evening. Write only the missing word.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: from our lessons
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Describe when your class starts, what you do in class and when you study at home. Include one possessive form and explain why each case ending fits its sentence.