An exam can be something you prepare for, take or pass. Use sınav with the ending that fits the sentence, then add whose exam it is. The situations here are invented classroom examples.
The idea
The stem sınav stays intact: sınavı, sınava, sınavda, sınavdan, sınavın. Its last vowel gives back-vowel endings; the final v does not soften. Compare sınavlar (exams), sınavım (my exam) and sınavlarımız (our exams). With verbs, learn the whole pairing: sınava girmek means to take an exam, while sınavı geçmek means to pass the exam.
| Use | Turkish form |
|---|---|
| Bare form | sınav |
| Plural | sınavlar |
| Definite object (accusative) | sınavı |
| Dative | sınava |
| Locative | sınavda |
| Ablative | sınavdan |
| Genitive | sınavın |
| My exam | sınavım |
| Your exam (singular) | sınavın |
| His/her exam | sınavı |
| Our exam | sınavımız |
| Your exam (plural/polite) | sınavınız |
| Their exam(s) | sınavları |
| Our exams | sınavlarımız |
| In his/her exam | onun sınavında |
Examples
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Watch out
Do not treat taking an exam as passing it. Sınava girdim says that I took it; sınavı geçtim says that I passed. Also, sınavı can mean “his/her exam” in onun sınavı. A further case then needs n: onun sınavında, at his/her exam.
Try it yourself
Complete with the form meaning “this exam”: I will take this exam tomorrow.
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sınava
sınava: gireceğim describes taking the exam. The noun therefore marks what you are entering, so bu is followed by the dative form here.
Complete: I passed this exam.
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sınavı
sınavı: bu identifies a particular exam and geçtim reports success. That exam is the definite object, which takes -ı.
Complete with the plural: our exams start tomorrow.
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sınavlarımız
sınavlarımız: the prompt asks for several exams belonging to us. Build sınav + lar + ımız; ownership comes after the plural.
Complete: there were three questions in his or her exam.
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sınavında
sınavında: onun identifies the owner. Start with sınavı, then add n before the locative -da; sınavda alone would omit the ownership.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete with the form meaning “this exam”: I will take this exam tomorrow.
Complete: I passed this exam.
Complete with the plural: our exams start tomorrow.
Complete: there were three questions in his or her exam.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: in our exams
Tap the parts in order to build this word: from my exam
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Invent three sentences: taking an exam, passing it, and something that happened in someone else’s exam. Circle the case endings and underline any possessive suffix.