This lesson uses kanun in the sense of “law”. You will describe a text, ask about its wording and build forms for a fictional country’s laws. Read the whole phrase before deciding what an ending means.
The idea
The stem keeps its final n: kanunu, kanuna, kanunda, kanundan. The last vowel u gives kanunum and kanunun, but the plural changes the next vowel: kanunlar → kanunlarımız. In bu kanunu inceliyoruz, kanunu is the specific object; in onun kanunu, the same form carries possession. The table gathers this noun’s forms; the related suffix pages explain the wider patterns.
| Use | Form |
|---|---|
| Base: law | kanun |
| Accusative: the law as object | kanunu |
| Dative: to the law | kanuna |
| Locative: in the law | kanunda |
| Ablative: from the law | kanundan |
| Genitive: of the law | kanunun |
| With / by means of the law | kanunla |
| Plural: laws | kanunlar |
| My law | kanunum |
| Your law (singular) | kanunun |
| His/her/its law | kanunu |
| Our law | kanunumuz |
| Your law (plural/polite) | kanununuz |
| Their law(s) | onların kanunları |
| Our laws | kanunlarımız |
| From our laws | kanunlarımızdan |
Examples
- Bu kanunu birlikte inceliyoruz.We are examining this law together.
- Metinde iki kanundan söz ediliyor.The text mentions two laws.
- Öğrenciler kanunun başlığını tartışıyor.The students are discussing the title of the law.
- Bu kanuna ilişkin soruları derste tartışacağız.We will discuss the questions concerning this law in class.
- Bu kavram kanunda nasıl tanımlanıyor?How is this concept defined in the law?
- Yazar, romanındaki ülkenin kanunlarını kendisi tasarlıyor.The author personally devises the laws of the country in the novel.
- Kanunların dili bazen okurları zorluyor.The language of laws sometimes challenges readers.
- kanunlarımızdanfrom our lawskanunlar-ler / -lar: the plural suffixımız-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: ourdan-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
Read-aloud uses a synthetic Turkish voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.
No Turkish device voice is available. You can still read the text.
Watch out
Do not read every kanunun as “your law”. In kanunun başlığı, it means “of the law”, linking the law to its title. In senin kanunun, it means “your law”. The final n matters: bu kanunu can be an object, whereas bu kanunun başlığı is a noun phrase meaning “the title of this law”.
Try it yourself
Complete: let us examine this law together. Write the missing form of kanun.
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kanunu
kanunu: bu identifies the law being examined. It is the specific object of inceleyelim, so the accusative is needed; no owner is being named.
Complete: the title of this law is very long. Write only the missing word.
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kanunun
kanunun: başlığı is the title belonging to this law. The genitive on the first noun links the two nouns; the sentence does not address a person as “you”.
Complete: the text mentions two laws. Use the form required by söz etmek.
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kanundan
kanundan: söz etmek takes the ablative for the thing mentioned. After iki, the noun has no plural ending, even though two laws are meant.
Build “from our laws”: add plural, “our” and ablative endings to kanun.
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kanunlarımızdan
kanunlarımızdan: several laws belong to “us”, and the requested relation is “from”. Build kanun + lar + ımız + dan: the a in the plural ending makes the following possessive vowel ı.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete: let us examine this law together. Write the missing form of kanun.
Complete: the title of this law is very long. Write only the missing word.
Complete: the text mentions two laws. Use the form required by söz etmek.
Build “from our laws”: add plural, “our” and ablative endings to kanun.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: from our laws
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Invent a country for a story. Write three sentences: examine one of its laws, mention two laws, and describe a law’s title. Underline each form of kanun and explain its role in the sentence.