You will build the dative, locative, ablative, accusative and genitive of the six personal pronouns and read them in short sentences.
The idea
Biz, siz and onlar take the endings like nouns (bize, sizden, onlara). Three pronouns do not: ben and sen turn the dative into bana and sana, and o gets an n before every case ending: ona, onda, ondan, onu. The genitive is a separate form: benim, senin, onun.
| Pronoun | Dative (to) | Locative (at) | Ablative (from) | Accusative (object) | Genitive (of) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ben | bana | bende | benden | beni | benim |
| sen | sana | sende | senden | seni | senin |
| o | ona | onda | ondan | onu | onun |
| biz | bize | bizde | bizden | bizi | bizim |
| siz | size | sizde | sizden | sizi | sizin |
| onlar | onlara | onlarda | onlardan | onları | onların |
Examples
- Ali bana kitap veriyor.Ali is giving me a book.Bana is the dative of ben, and the stem changes to ban-; bene does not exist.
- Sana bir mektup yazıyorum.I am writing you a letter.
- Onu çok seviyorum.I love him or her very much.O means he, she or it: Turkish makes no gender distinction here. With the accusative an n appears: onu.
- onato him, to her, to itonBuffer -n-: evinde, evinden, evinea-e / -a / -ye / -ya: to, towards
- onlardanfrom themonBuffer -n-: evinde, evinden, evinelar-ler / -lar: the plural suffixdan-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
- onlarıthem (as object)onBuffer -n-: evinde, evinden, evinelar-ler / -lar: the plural suffixı-i / -ı / -u / -ü: marking the definite object
- Bende kalem yok.I don't have a pen.The locative of ben, bende, also means 'on me, with me': it is how you say what you have at hand.
- Sizden bir şey istemiyoruz.We don't want anything from you.
- Bu çanta benim.This bag is mine.
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Watch out
Do not add -e to ben or sen: bene and sene are not Turkish words, the forms are bana and sana. The same trap catches o: oya and odan are wrong, the n is needed: ona, ondan.
Try it yourself
Put ben (I) into the dative: to me.
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bana
bana: the dative of ben is irregular. The stem becomes ban-, so bene is never used.
Put sen (you) into the ablative: from you.
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senden
senden: sen ends in n, a voiced sound, so the ending starts with d, and the front vowel e gives -den. Only the dative changes the stem.
Put o (he, she, it) into the accusative: him, her.
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onu
onu: o ends in a vowel, so an n comes before the accusative, and after the back rounded vowel o the ending is -u.
Put biz (we) into the dative: to us.
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bize
bize: biz is regular. The last vowel i is a front vowel, so the dative is -e, and the stem stays as it is.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Put ben (I) into the dative: to me.
Put sen (you) into the ablative: from you.
Put o (he, she, it) into the accusative: him, her.
Put biz (we) into the dative: to us.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: to him, to her, to it
Tap the parts in order to build this word: from them
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Write four short sentences: one giving something to a friend (sana), one saying who has an object at hand (bende), one about a person you like (ondan) and one with onu.