A lecture becomes easier to follow when you listen for its structure as well as its vocabulary.

The idea

Choose a short lecture with a transcript on a familiar subject. Listen once without pausing and write the topic and main claim. On a second pass, note evidence, contrasts and qualifications; replay a difficult passage and check the transcript. Summarize the argument aloud, then listen again without reading.

Examples

  • 本日ほんじつは、都市としの緑地りょくちが気温きおんに与あたえる影響えいきょうを考かんがえます。Today we will consider how urban green spaces affect temperature.
  • まず、調査ちょうさの方法ほうほうを説明せつめいします。First, I will explain the survey method.
  • 一方いっぽう、日陰ひかげの少すくない地域ちいきでは、気温きおんが高たかくなりました。By contrast, temperatures rose in areas with little shade.
  • この結果けっかは、緑地りょくちが多おおいほど涼すずしい可能性かのうせいを示しめしています。This result suggests that places with more green space may be cooler.
  • ただし、今回こんかいの調査ちょうさだけでは、原因げんいんを断定だんていできません。However, this survey alone cannot establish the cause.
  • 結論けつろんとして、さらに広ひろい範囲はんいでの検証けんしょうが必要ひつようです。In conclusion, verification over a wider area is needed.

Read-aloud uses a synthetic Japanese voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.

Watch out

A familiar word does not guarantee understanding: ただし limits a claim, while 一方 introduces a contrast. Do not mistake a possibility for a proven cause.

Try it yourself

  1. 対比たいひを示しめす表現ひょうげんはどれですか。(まず/一方)

    Show answer or example answer

    一方

    一方 signals a contrast between the area just discussed and the less shaded area; まず introduces an initial step.

  2. 原因げんいんを断定だんていできないという制限せいげんを導みちびく表現ひょうげんはどれですか。(ただし/まず)

    Show answer or example answer

    ただし

    ただし introduces a qualification: the survey alone cannot establish the cause. まず would introduce a first step.

  3. 結論けつろんを導みちびく表現ひょうげんはどれですか。(一方/結論として)

    Show answer or example answer

    結論として

    結論として announces the conclusion and the need for wider verification; 一方 signals a contrast.

Use it today

Use a two-minute excerpt. Mark the claim, one piece of evidence and one limitation, then give a three-sentence summary without looking at your notes.