Japanese 出る: leave or come out

The idea

出でる is an ichidan verb: remove final る and add ます or て to make 出でます and 出でて. 出でません is polite negative and 出でました is polite past; the non-past can describe a habit or the future. Mark the place left with を or から, and the destination with に. 出だす means taking something out, not going out oneself.

Examples

• 毎朝まいあさ、七時しちじに家いえを出でます。I leave home at seven every morning.
• 今日きょうは外そとに出でません。I will not go outside today.
• 昨日きのう、友達ともだちが部屋へやを出でました。Yesterday a friend left the room.
• ここから外そとに出でてください。Please go outside from here.
• バスは八時はちじに駅えきを出でます。The bus leaves the station at eight.
• 学校がっこうを出でて、家いえに帰かえります。I leave school and go home.

Watch out

The dictionary form 出でる is plain speech. In polite conversation use 出でます; the て form is 出でて, not the dictionary form plus て.

Try it yourself

1. 毎朝まいあさ、七時しちじに家いえを＿。（出でる→ます）

   Show answer or example answer

   出ます

   出でます is the polite non-past of 出でる; context tells whether it describes a habit or a future action.

2. ＿。（出でる→て）

   Show answer or example answer

   出て

   出でて is the て form of 出でる. It can join clauses or precede ください in a request.

3. 家いえ＿出でます。（を／に）

   Show answer or example answer

   を

   を marks the place left; から can also mark where the departure starts.

Use it today

Make a new sentence with 出でる. Change it to the polite past and identify its particle, then compare it with the table.