You will build forms of gün (day) such as günler, günüm and günde, and name days and occasions with the right ending.
The idea
Gün never changes its stem: no consonant softens and no vowel drops. Its last vowel is ü, front and rounded, so endings follow it: günler, güne, günde, günden, and endings with a high vowel round to ü: günüm, günümüz, günü. A weekday or an occasion is named with a compound: pazartesi günü (on Monday), doğum günü (birthday).
| Ending | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| -ler | günler | güzel günler |
| -üm | günüm | uzun günüm |
| -ümüz | günümüz | günümüzde |
| -ü | günü | cuma günü |
| -e | güne | güne başlamak |
| -de | günde | günde iki kez |
| -den | günden | günden güne |
| -ün | günün | günün sonu |
Examples
- Her gün okula yürüyorum.I walk to school every day.After her (every) the noun stays singular: her gün, not her günler.
- Cuma günü müzeye gidiyoruz.We go to the museum on Friday.Weekdays are named with a compound: cuma günü, 'Friday day'. The ending -ü is already there, so no -de is added.
- Günün sonunda çok yoruluyorum.At the end of the day I get very tired.In günün sonu ('the end of the day') gün takes the genitive -ün and son takes the possessive -u. The locative -da then goes on son with a joining n: günün sonunda.
- Üç gün sonra tatil başlıyor.The holiday starts in three days.After a number the noun stays singular: üç gün, not üç günler. Sonra means 'after' and follows the time word.
- Doğum günümü arkadaşlarımla kutluyorum.I celebrate my birthday with my friends.Doğum günü ('birthday') already ends in the possessive -ü. For 'my' only -m is added: doğum günüm; the accusative then gives doğum günümü.
- Hava günden güne soğuyor.The weather gets colder day by day.Günden güne repeats the word with the ablative and the dative: 'from day to day'. Both endings keep the front vowel: -den and -e.
- günlerimizdein our daysgünler-ler / -lar: the plural suffiximiz-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: ourde-de / -da / -te / -ta: in, at, on
- günümüzdenowadaysgünümüz-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: ourde-de / -da / -te / -ta: in, at, onThe singular günümüz is a fixed idiom for the present time, 'nowadays'; günlerimiz means our days one by one.
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Watch out
Do not add the locative to a weekday: cuma günde is wrong, because the compound already carries the ending -ü; say cuma günü (or just cuma). Also günü alone can mean "the day" (as an object) or "his/her day", so the sentence decides.
Try it yourself
Fill the gap with the form of gün (day): There is a meeting on Monday.
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günü
günü: in pazartesi günü (on Monday) gün carries the ending -ü, rounded because its last vowel is ü; no -de is added.
Add 'my' to gün (day): my day.
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günüm
günüm: the possessive "my" after a consonant with a high vowel is -üm, and its vowel follows the ü.
I drink two glasses of water a day. Add the locative to gün (day): per day.
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günde
günde: the locative means "per day" here; n is voiced and the last vowel is front, so the ending is -de.
The meeting lasted two days. Do not add the plural to gün (day).
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gün
gün: after a number the noun stays singular: iki gün.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Fill the gap with the form of gün (day): There is a meeting on Monday.
Add 'my' to gün (day): my day.
I drink two glasses of water a day. Add the locative to gün (day): per day.
The meeting lasted two days. Do not add the plural to gün (day).
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: in our days
Tap the parts in order to build this word: nowadays
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Write four sentences about your week: one with a weekday and günü, one with her gün, one with günde (per day) and one with günüm or günlerim.