Use oluşmak when something comes into existence or takes shape. At B2, also distinguish that process from describing what a whole consists of with -den oluşmak.
The idea
With oluşmak, the thing that forms is the subject: Bir fikir oluştu. The verb does not take a direct object. In Ekip dört kişiden oluşuyor, the team is the whole and dört kişiden names its members. The table uses third-person singular forms, which suit these subjects: oluşuyor, oluştu, oluşacak, oluşur. The stem oluş- keeps its ş.
| Use | Form: third person singular except infinitive |
|---|---|
| Infinitive | oluşmak |
| Present continuous | oluşuyor |
| Completed past | oluştu |
| Future | oluşacak |
| Aorist: general statement | oluşur |
| Reported / inferred past | oluşmuş |
| Negative present continuous | oluşmuyor |
| Negative past | oluşmadı |
| Negative future | oluşmayacak |
| Negative aorist | oluşmaz |
| Possibility | oluşabilir |
Examples
- Vadide sabah sis oluştu.Fog formed in the valley in the morning.
- Toplantıda ortak bir fikir oluştu.A shared idea took shape at the meeting.
- Bu desen küçük üçgenlerden oluşuyor.This pattern consists of small triangles.
- Tasarım ekibimiz dört kişiden oluşuyor.Our design team consists of four people.
- Bu koşullarda buz oluşmaz.Ice does not form under these conditions.
- Yeni yol açılınca burada trafik oluşabilir.When the new road opens, traffic may build up here.
- Sanatçı renkli kâğıtlardan bir desen oluşturdu.The artist created a pattern from coloured paper.
- Bu yüzeyde artık kabarcık oluşmuyor.Bubbles no longer form on this surface.
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Watch out
English “form” can describe either the result or an action that creates it. Turkish distinguishes Desen oluştu (the pattern formed) from Sanatçı deseni oluşturdu (the artist created the pattern). Do not put the pattern in the object position with oluşmak. For composition, use the ablative: üç parçadan, not üç parçayı.
Try it yourself
Dün duvarda bir çatlak ___. Use oluşmak in the completed past, third person singular.
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oluştu
oluştu: Dün places the crack's appearance in the past. After the voiceless ş, the ending begins with t; the last vowel u gives -tu.
Bu yüzeyde artık kabarcık ___. Use oluşmak in the negative present continuous, third person singular.
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oluşmuyor
oluşmuyor: artık here means “any longer”, and the instruction asks for a negative. The negative present form has -muyor after oluş-; it says that bubbles are no longer forming.
Bu model üç ___ oluşuyor. (parça) Add the case ending to the word in brackets: the model consists of three parts.
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parçadan
parçadan: the model consists of three parts, so the parts take the ablative. After the numeral üç, parça stays singular, and its last vowel gives -dan.
Sanatçı deseni dün ___. Choose oluşmak or oluşturmak; use the completed past, third person singular.
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oluşturdu
oluşturdu: the artist is doing the creating and deseni names the specific object created. The past form therefore belongs to oluşturmak; oluştu would make the subject the thing that formed.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Dün duvarda bir çatlak ___. Use oluşmak in the completed past, third person singular.
Bu yüzeyde artık kabarcık ___. Use oluşmak in the negative present continuous, third person singular.
Bu model üç ___ oluşuyor. (parça) Add the case ending to the word in brackets: the model consists of three parts.
Sanatçı deseni dün ___. Choose oluşmak or oluşturmak; use the completed past, third person singular.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
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Describe something that appeared recently and something made up of several parts. Then write who created a pattern, choosing oluşturmak for that action.