Japanese offers several ways to describe a quantity without giving one exact number.
The idea
Put くらい, ぐらい or ほど after a quantity for an approximation: 三十人くらい is about thirty people. Adjacent numbers such as 二、三冊 mean two or three volumes. Use から and まで for endpoints; 以上 and 以下 include the stated boundary.
| Expression | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 三十人くらい | about 30 people |
| 二、三冊 | two or three volumes |
| 十人から十五人まで | 10 to 15 people |
| 十八歳以上 | 18 or older |
| 五キロ以下 | 5 kg or less |
Examples
- 会場に三十人くらい集まりました。About thirty people gathered at the venue.
- 駅まで二十分ほどかかります。It takes about twenty minutes to the station.
- 本を二、三冊持ってきてください。Please bring two or three books.
- 参加者は十人から十五人までです。The number of participants is from ten to fifteen.
- 申し込みには十八歳以上であることが必要です。You must be at least eighteen to apply.
- 荷物は五キロ以下にしてください。Please keep the luggage to five kilograms or less.
Read-aloud uses a synthetic Japanese voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.
No Japanese device voice is available. You can still read the text and use the linked listening resources.
Watch out
An approximate number is not a precise limit. 十八歳以上 includes an eighteen-year-old; 十八歳未満 excludes that age.
Try it yourself
約三十人:三十人_
Show answer or example answer
くらい / ぐらい / ほど
くらい, ぐらい or ほど follows 三十人 to mean approximately thirty people.
十人から十五人_
Show answer or example answer
まで
まで marks the upper endpoint after 十人から.
十八歳を含む、それより上:十八歳_
Show answer or example answer
以上
以上 means at least and includes eighteen.
五キロを含む、それより下:五キロ_
Show answer or example answer
以下
以下 means at most and includes five kilograms.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Japanese sentences where available. We keep your score.
約三十人:三十人_
くらい / ぐらい / ほど
十人から十五人_
十八歳を含む、それより上:十八歳_
五キロを含む、それより下:五キロ_
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Keep your progress
Sign up for free to save your practice results in your account.
Sign up to saveI already have an accountUse it today
Estimate the people at an event, then describe an age requirement and a weight limit.

