A well-connected paragraph tells readers how each new statement relates to the last. You will distinguish an extra supporting point from a consequence or an inference in Turkish writing.

The idea

Use bu nedenle (for this reason) to introduce a result of something already stated. Dolayısıyla (therefore) introduces a consequence or an inference from the preceding information. These two often overlap; there is no rigid boundary between a practical result and a logical conclusion. Ayrıca (in addition) adds another relevant point without claiming that the previous point caused it. The connector can open a new sentence. It need not always come first: Ayrıca bu yöntem zaman kazandırıyor and Bu yöntem ayrıca zaman kazandırıyor both work. Keep the two words of bu nedenle together and write dolayısıyla as one word.

Patterns to compare
ExpressionConnection
bu nedenlePreviously stated reason → result
dolayısıylaPremise → consequence or inference
ayrıcaAnother relevant point; no causal claim

Examples

  • Salon dolu. Bu nedenle toplantıyı yarın yapacağız.The room is occupied. For this reason, we will hold the meeting tomorrow.
  • Ayrıca bu yöntem zaman kazandırıyor.In addition, this method saves time.
  • Hazırlıklar bitmedi. Dolayısıyla toplantı bugün yapılmayacak.Preparations are not finished. Therefore, the meeting will not be held today.
  • Bu yöntem az malzeme gerektiriyor. Ayrıca farklı boyutlardaki kutulara da uygulanabiliyor.This method requires little material. In addition, it can also be applied to boxes of different sizes.
  • Araştırmaya yalnızca on kişi katıldı. Dolayısıyla sonuçları bütün topluma genellemek doğru olmaz.Only ten people took part in the study. Therefore, it would not be right to generalise the results to the whole population.
  • Kütüphanenin çalışma saatleri uzatıldı. Bu nedenle öğrenciler akşamları da burada çalışabiliyor.The library’s opening hours have been extended. For this reason, students can now study here in the evenings too.

Read-aloud uses a synthetic Turkish voice available on your device. Voice quality and availability vary; it does not assess your pronunciation.

Watch out

Do not use dolayısıyla merely to make a paragraph sound formal. A bag can be light and waterproof, but being light does not itself explain why it is waterproof: use ayrıca to add that feature. Nor does a connector prove a claim; an uncertain inference still needs wording such as olabilir or temsil etmeyebilir.

Try it yourself

  1. Choose one of the two expressions: bu nedenle / ayrıca. Yazıcı bozuldu. ___ belgeleri başka bir odada yazdırdık.

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    bu nedenle

    Bu nedenle: using another room is the response to the broken printer. Of the two choices, this one makes that causal link explicit.

  2. Choose one of the two expressions: ayrıca / dolayısıyla. Bu çanta hafif. ___ su geçirmiyor.

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    ayrıca

    Ayrıca: waterproofing is a second property of the bag, not a result of its low weight. Dolayısıyla would assert a connection the text does not support.

  3. Choose one of the two expressions: dolayısıyla / ayrıca. Araştırma tek bir okulda yapıldı. ___ sonuçlar bütün okulları temsil etmeyebilir.

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    dolayısıyla

    Dolayısıyla: studying only one school gives a reason to limit the conclusion. Temsil etmeyebilir preserves the possibility that the results are not representative; it does not assert that they must be wrong.

  4. Choose one of the two expressions: çünkü / bu nedenle. Toplantıyı erteledik ___ salon hazır değildi.

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    çünkü

    Çünkü: the room not being ready explains the postponement. The result comes first here; bu nedenle would incorrectly present the room’s condition as the result of postponing.

Use it today

Write four sentences proposing a change to a shared study space. State a problem, use bu nedenle for your proposed response, add a separate benefit with ayrıca, then draw a cautious conclusion with dolayısıyla.