Use these forms to look back at a different possibility or express regret with keşke. The examples focus on past events; the same construction can describe an unreal present situation when the context calls for it.
The idea
Build a verb stem + -seydi after e i ö ü, or -saydı after a ı o u, then add the person ending. These combine -se/-sa with idi: gelse + idi → gelseydi. Keep the linking y; the last vowel is always i or ı, even in görseydi and okusaydı. Negation comes before the conditional: gelmeseydim, almasaydık. The table gives all six persons, including both third-person plural orders.
| Person | -seydi: affirmative | -saydı: affirmative | -seydi: negative | -saydı: negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ben | gelseydim | alsaydım | gelmeseydim | almasaydım |
| sen | gelseydin | alsaydın | gelmeseydin | almasaydın |
| o | gelseydi | alsaydı | gelmeseydi | almasaydı |
| biz | gelseydik | alsaydık | gelmeseydik | almasaydık |
| siz | gelseydiniz | alsaydınız | gelmeseydiniz | almasaydınız |
| onlar | gelseydiler / gelselerdi | alsaydılar / alsalardı | gelmeseydiler / gelmeselerdi | almasaydılar / almasalardı |
Examples
- Keşke dün seni arasaydım.If only I had called you yesterday.
- Keşke notları da getirseydik.If only we had brought the notes too.
- Keşke kapıyı açık bırakmasaydın.If only you had not left the door open.
- Dün seni arasaydım, haberi öğrenirdim.If I had called you yesterday, I would have heard the news.
- arasaydımif I had calledarasaydı-seydi / -saydı: unreal conditions and regretsmPast person endings: -m, -n, -k, -niz, -ler
- getirseydikif we had broughtgetirseydi-seydi / -saydı: unreal conditions and regretskPast person endings: -m, -n, -k, -niz, -ler
- gitseydinizif you had gone (plural or polite)gitseydi-seydi / -saydı: unreal conditions and regretsnizPast person endings: -m, -n, -k, -niz, -ler
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Watch out
Do not read arasaydım as “I would have called”: it supplies “if I had called”. In Dün seni arasaydım, haberi öğrenirdim, the imagined result is öğrenirdim. With keşke, the condition form can stand alone as a wish about what did not happen.
Try it yourself
Complete with aramak, “I”: I did not call you yesterday and now regret it.
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arasaydım
arasaydım: the final a in ara- selects -saydı, and -m identifies the speaker. The call is imagined, not reported as a fact.
Complete with getirmek, “we”: we wish we had brought the notes too.
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getirseydik
getirseydik: the last vowel of getir- is i, so the front-vowel form is needed. Final -k makes the subject “we”.
Complete with negative bırakmak, “you” singular: you left the door open; I wish you had not.
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bırakmasaydın
bırakmasaydın: insert -ma before -saydı and finish with -n for “you”. The regret implies that you did leave the door open.
Complete with gitmek, “you” plural or polite: if you had gone there yesterday, you would have seen the exhibition.
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gitseydiniz
gitseydiniz: git- keeps its t before the consonant s. The ending -niz addresses several people or one person politely.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete with aramak, “I”: I did not call you yesterday and now regret it.
Complete with getirmek, “we”: we wish we had brought the notes too.
Complete with negative bırakmak, “you” singular: you left the door open; I wish you had not.
Complete with gitmek, “you” plural or polite: if you had gone there yesterday, you would have seen the exhibition.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: if I had called
Tap the parts in order to build this word: if we had brought
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Write one regret about yesterday and one condition with its imagined result. Circle the person ending and check whether the negative describes what happened or what you wish had happened.