Use koymak to place an object somewhere or add an ingredient. Turkish uses the same verb where English may say put, set or add; the destination tells you where the object goes.
The idea
Keep the stem koy- in koyuyorum, koydum, koyacağım and koyarım. For a specific object, use the accusative, as in kitabı; mark its destination with the dative, as in rafa: Kitabı rafa koyuyorum. With an unspecified amount, tuz stays unmarked in Çorbaya biraz tuz koyar mısın? The request has a separate question word, mısın. The table shows plural verb endings for onlar; with an explicit plural human subject, singular verb forms are also possible.
| Person | Present continuous | Past | Future | Habitual (aorist) | Negative present |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ben | koyuyorum | koydum | koyacağım | koyarım | koymuyorum |
| sen | koyuyorsun | koydun | koyacaksın | koyarsın | koymuyorsun |
| o | koyuyor | koydu | koyacak | koyar | koymuyor |
| biz | koyuyoruz | koyduk | koyacağız | koyarız | koymuyoruz |
| siz | koyuyorsunuz | koydunuz | koyacaksınız | koyarsınız | koymuyorsunuz |
| onlar | koyuyorlar | koydular | koyacaklar | koyarlar | koymuyorlar |
Examples
- Kitabı rafa koyuyorum.I am putting the book on the shelf.
- Bardağı tepsiye koydum.I put the glass on the tray.
- Anahtarı çekmeceye koyacağız.We will put the key in the drawer.
- Çorbaya biraz tuz koyar mısın?Could you add a little salt to the soup?
- Sıcak tencereyi buraya koyma.Don’t put the hot pot here.
- Her akşam telefonumu bu kutuya koyarım.I put my phone in this box every evening.
- Yarın salona küçük bir masa koyacağım.Tomorrow I will put a small table in the living room.
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Watch out
For putting a book onto a shelf, say rafa koymak, not rafta koymak: rafta describes a location, not the destination of this placement. Also keep koyarım for the habitual aorist distinct from koyuyorum for an action in progress; the aorist is not koyurum.
Try it yourself
Complete with the present continuous of koymak: I am putting the book on the shelf now.
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koyuyorum
koyuyorum: the prompt asks for an action happening now. The rounded o leads to -uyor, and -um identifies the speaker; the y already belongs to the stem.
Complete with the form of tepsi (tray): I put the glass onto the tray.
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tepsiye
tepsiye: the tray is where the glass is placed. The final i selects -e, and y separates the two vowels; tepside would describe being on the tray.
Use the future of koymak: tomorrow I will put a table in the living room.
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koyacağım
koyacağım: the requested future uses -acak. Its k becomes ğ before the vowel of the first-person ending, so the form ends in -acağım.
Use the habitual aorist of koymak: every evening I put the key in the same place.
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koyarım
koyarım: this exercise asks for the habitual aorist. This verb selects -ar, then the first-person -ım; the recurring evening action supplies the context.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete with the present continuous of koymak: I am putting the book on the shelf now.
Complete with the form of tepsi (tray): I put the glass onto the tray.
Use the future of koymak: tomorrow I will put a table in the living room.
Use the habitual aorist of koymak: every evening I put the key in the same place.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Keep your progress
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Choose three objects in your room. Say where you are putting one now, where you put another yesterday, and where you will put the third tomorrow. Then describe one regular habit with koyarım. Next, try kullanmak to say how you use an object.