Kutlamak covers celebrating an occasion and congratulating someone. You will describe a celebration, recognise a direct congratulation and choose forms for a habit, a past event or a future plan.
The idea
Use a definite direct object for a specific occasion or person: başarını kutlamak means to celebrate your success; seni kutlamak means to congratulate you. The stem is kutla-: the present continuous has kutluyorum, the past kutladım, and the aorist kutlarım. The future keeps the stem’s a and adds y: kutlayacağım, kutlayacağız. Subject pronouns can be omitted; onlar kutluyor is also possible alongside the plural form in the table.
| Subject | Present continuous | Past | Future | Aorist | Negative present |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ben | kutluyorum | kutladım | kutlayacağım | kutlarım | kutlamıyorum |
| sen | kutluyorsun | kutladın | kutlayacaksın | kutlarsın | kutlamıyorsun |
| o | kutluyor | kutladı | kutlayacak | kutlar | kutlamıyor |
| biz | kutluyoruz | kutladık | kutlayacağız | kutlarız | kutlamıyoruz |
| siz | kutluyorsunuz | kutladınız | kutlayacaksınız | kutlarsınız | kutlamıyorsunuz |
| onlar | kutluyorlar | kutladılar | kutlayacaklar | kutlarlar | kutlamıyorlar |
Examples
- Biz başarını kutluyoruz.We are celebrating your success.
- Öğretmen öğrencileri kutladı.The teacher congratulated the students.
- Yarın mezuniyetimizi kutlayacağız.We will celebrate our graduation tomorrow.
- Seni bu başarın için kutluyorum.I congratulate you on this success.
- Her yıl doğum günümü ailemle kutlarım.I celebrate my birthday with my family every year.
- Bu yıl doğum günümü kutlamıyorum.I am not celebrating my birthday this year.
- Yeni yılı evde kutladınız mı?Did you celebrate New Year at home?
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Watch out
Do not turn the person into a recipient with the dative: say Seni kutluyorum, not Sana kutluyorum. The first sentence can simply express congratulations; it does not imply that you are throwing a party.
Try it yourself
Complete with the present continuous for “I”: I am celebrating our success now.
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kutluyorum
kutluyorum: the prompt specifies an action happening now and the subject “I”. The final a of kutla- narrows to u here; keep the ending -um for the speaker.
Use the future for “we”: we will celebrate our graduation tomorrow.
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kutlayacağız
kutlayacağız: tomorrow’s plan needs the future and “we” needs -ız. In kutlayacak, the final k becomes ğ before this vowel, giving kutlayacağız.
Write the object form of “you” (one person): I congratulate you on this success.
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seni
seni: the person being congratulated is the direct object. Starting from sen, add accusative -i; sana would mark a recipient instead.
Write the past-tense verb and question particle for “you” (plural or polite): did you celebrate New Year at home?
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kutladınız mı
kutladınız mı: the celebration is in the past, and -dınız addresses several people or one person politely. The last vowel is ı, so the separate question particle is mı.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete with the present continuous for “I”: I am celebrating our success now.
Use the future for “we”: we will celebrate our graduation tomorrow.
Write the object form of “you” (one person): I congratulate you on this success.
Write the past-tense verb and question particle for “you” (plural or polite): did you celebrate New Year at home?
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
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Write a sentence about a yearly celebration, congratulate one person, then describe a celebration you plan for tomorrow. Next, practise inviting someone with çağırmak.