You will name twelve vegetables, ask for them by weight or piece at the market, and add the object ending to the ones that soften.
The idea
Ask for a vegetable with number, measure and bare noun: iki kilo domates, bir demet ıspanak, üç tane salatalık. Names ending in k or ç (havuç, kabak, sarımsak) soften before a vowel ending: havucu, kabağı, sarımsağı; soğan and biber do not change.
| Vegetable | With the object ending | Quantity phrase |
|---|---|---|
| domates | domatesi | iki kilo domates |
| patates | patatesi | bir kilo patates |
| soğan | soğanı | bir kilo soğan |
| sarımsak | sarımsağı | bir baş sarımsak |
| havuç | havucu | yarım kilo havuç |
| kabak | kabağı | iki tane kabak |
| biber | biberi | bir kilo biber |
| salatalık | salatalığı | üç tane salatalık |
| patlıcan | patlıcanı | iki kilo patlıcan |
| ıspanak | ıspanağı | bir demet ıspanak |
| marul | marulu | bir tane marul |
| lahana | lahanayı | bir tane lahana |
Examples
- Ben bir kilo domates alıyorum.I am buying a kilo of tomatoes.
- Pazardan iki kilo patates alıyorum.I am buying two kilos of potatoes at the market.
- Domates ve salatalık çok taze.Tomatoes and cucumbers are very fresh.Unmarked singular can mean tomatoes in general: domates, not domatesler.
- Havucu yıkıyorum.I am washing the carrot.Final ç turns into c when a vowel ending follows: havuç, havucu.
- Kabağı fırında pişiriyoruz.We cook the squash in the oven.Final k between vowels turns into ğ: kabak, kabağı.
- Üç tane salatalık yeter.Three cucumbers are enough.Tane counts single pieces; the vegetable after it stays singular.
- Bu biber kaç lira?How much is this pepper?
- Soğan ve sarımsak var mı?Do you have onions and garlic?Soğan keeps its n (soğanı), but sarımsak softens (sarımsağı).
- Ispanak taze mi?Is the spinach fresh?The capital of ı is I, not İ: Ispanak.
- Bir demet ıspanak ve bir baş lahana lütfen.A bunch of spinach and a head of cabbage, please.
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Watch out
Do not write iki kilo domatesler: after a number or a measure the vegetable stays singular. And do not keep the hard consonant when an ending follows: havucu, not havuçu; kabağı, not kabakı.
Try it yourself
Two kilos of tomatoes, please. Write domates with no plural ending.
Show answer or example answer
domates
domates: after a measure word such as kilo the vegetable stays singular and bare, so there is no -ler.
I am washing the carrot. Add the object ending to havuç.
Show answer or example answer
havucu
havucu: the final ç turns into c before a vowel, and the last vowel u gives the ending -u.
We cook the squash. Add the object ending to kabak.
Show answer or example answer
kabağı
kabağı: the final k turns into ğ between vowels, and the last vowel a gives -ı.
I am cutting the onion. Add the object ending to soğan.
Show answer or example answer
soğanı
soğanı: the n does not soften, so only an ending is added, and the last vowel a gives -ı.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Two kilos of tomatoes, please. Write domates with no plural ending.
I am washing the carrot. Add the object ending to havuç.
We cook the squash. Add the object ending to kabak.
I am cutting the onion. Add the object ending to soğan.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
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Write a market list of five vegetables with an amount for each, then say which one you wash or cook, adding the object ending.