Someone tells you what a room used to be, or you discover who owns a notebook. Use these forms to present a state as reported information or a new realization. First-person forms can echo what others say about you.
The idea
Attach -mış, -miş, -muş or -müş to a noun, adjective or location predicate, following its last vowel. After a vowel insert y; the table gives all eight attached shapes. Person follows: öğrenciymişim, öğrenciymişsin, öğrenciymiş, öğrenciymişiz, öğrenciymişsiniz, öğrenciymişler. For “they”, öğrencilermiş is also possible. In negatives attach the ending to değil: ucuz değilmiş. In a neutral yes/no question it joins the separate question particle: ucuz muymuş? The full form imiş can also stand separately without vowel harmony: ucuz imiş.
| Last vowel | After a consonant | Example | After a vowel | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a, ı | -mış | kalabalıkmış | -ymış | hastaymış |
| e, i | -miş | gençmiş | -ymiş | öğrenciymiş |
| o, u | -muş | yorgunmuş | -ymuş | depoymuş |
| ö, ü | -müş | güçmüş | -ymüş | kötüymüş |
Examples
- Bu oda eskiden depoymuş.Apparently, this room used to be a storeroom.
- Meğer bu defter benimmiş.It turns out this notebook is mine.
- Bu kumaş gerçekten ipekmiş.This fabric really is silk, it turns out.
- öğrenciymişimapparently I am a studentöğrenciymişReported copula: apparently is (-miş)im-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
- evdeymişizapparently we are at homeevde-de / -da / -te / -ta: in, at, onymişReported copula: apparently is (-miş)iz-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
- yorgunmuşsunuzapparently you are tired (plural or formal)yorgunmuşReported copula: apparently is (-miş)sunuz-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
- Bu bilet ucuz değilmiş.Apparently, this ticket is not cheap.
- Toplantı yarın mıymış?Is the meeting tomorrow, then, according to what you heard?
- Köyün yolu çok uzunmuş.Apparently, the road to the village is very long.
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Watch out
Do not automatically translate this as “used to be”. Şimdi evdeymiş reports a present location; dün evdeymiş reports a past one. Context supplies the time. Also keep the final consonant in soğukmuş: the added part begins with m, not a vowel.
Try it yourself
Use the reported copula: apparently I am a student. Write the word after ben.
Show answer or example answer
öğrenciymişim / öğrenci imişim
öğrenciymişim / öğrenci imişim: the base ends in i, so the attached form needs y and a front unrounded vowel. Final -im identifies the speaker as the student.
Add the reported copula to soğuk: apparently it is cold.
Show answer or example answer
soğukmuş / soğuk imiş
soğukmuş / soğuk imiş: the last vowel u selects -muş. The k stays because the attached ending starts with a consonant.
Write “apparently it is not cheap”, starting with ucuz.
Show answer or example answer
ucuz değilmiş / ucuz değil imiş
ucuz değilmiş / ucuz değil imiş: the report concerns a negative state. The ending follows değil, whose i determines -miş, not the u in ucuz.
Complete the question asking whether the meeting is tomorrow according to what someone heard.
Show answer or example answer
mıymış / mı imiş
mıymış / mı imiş: yarın selects the question particle mı. Its final vowel requires y in the attached form, while the space before the particle remains.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Use the reported copula: apparently I am a student. Write the word after ben.
öğrenciymişim / öğrenci imişim
Add the reported copula to soğuk: apparently it is cold.
soğukmuş / soğuk imiş
Write “apparently it is not cheap”, starting with ucuz.
ucuz değilmiş / ucuz değil imiş
Complete the question asking whether the meeting is tomorrow according to what someone heard.
mıymış / mı imiş
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: apparently I am a student
Tap the parts in order to build this word: apparently we are at home
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Write one reported state with “now”, one with “yesterday”, and one negative. Turn the first into a question. Check which word takes the ending and which words stay separate.