You will conjugate vermek in the present, past and future and say who receives what.
The idea
Vermek needs a receiver: the person who gets the thing takes -e/-a (anneme, ona), and the thing itself stays bare when it is general (çiçek) or takes the accusative when it is a specific one (kitabı). The stem ver- never changes: veriyorum, verdim, vereceğim. Only the future ending softens: -ecek turns its k into ğ before a vowel (vereceğim, vereceğiz) and keeps it before a consonant (verecek, vereceksin).
| Person | Present (-iyor) | Past (-di) | Future (-ecek) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ben | veriyorum | verdim | vereceğim |
| sen | veriyorsun | verdin | vereceksin |
| o | veriyor | verdi | verecek |
| biz | veriyoruz | verdik | vereceğiz |
| siz | veriyorsunuz | verdiniz | vereceksiniz |
| onlar | veriyorlar | verdiler | verecekler |
Examples
- Anneme çiçek veriyorum.I am giving my mother flowers.The receiver takes the dative: anne + m (my) + e gives anneme. Çiçek is a general thing, so it has no ending.
- Ali bana su verdi.Ali gave me water.
- Kitabı öğretmene vereceğim.I will give the book to the teacher.Kitabı is one particular book, so it takes -ı, and p softens to b before the vowel. The teacher is the receiver and takes -e.
- Ahmet'e bir şey vermedim.I did not give Ahmet anything.The apostrophe separates the name from -e. The negative -me comes right after the stem: ver-me-di-m.
- verdimI gaveverdi-di, -dı, -du, -dü, -ti: the past (geldi, yaptı)mPast person endings: -m, -n, -k, -niz, -ler
- vermiyorumI am not givingvermiyor-miyor / -mıyor / -muyor / -müyor: not doing nowum-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
- vereceğizwe will givevereceğ-ecek / -acak: will, going toiz-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
- Bana bir bardak su verir misin?Could you give me a glass of water?Verir misin? is the question form that works as a polite request; its tense is taught later. The question word mi is written apart: misin.
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Watch out
Do not put the receiver in the accusative: it is Ona veriyorum, not Onu veriyorum, which would make the person the thing that is handed over. Say Ahmet'e veriyorum, never Ahmet'i veriyorum. And never write verecekim: the k softens to ğ, so vereceğim.
Try it yourself
Give the present-tense form for o (he, she, it): is giving.
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veriyor
veriyor: the stem ver- stays, -iyor is the present ending, and for o no person ending follows.
Give the past form for ben (I): gave.
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verdim
verdim: r is voiced, so the past ending starts with d (-di), and -m marks ben.
Add the receiver's suffix: I am giving the teacher a book.
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öğretmene
öğretmene: the receiver takes the dative, and the last vowel e of öğretmen is front, so -e.
Give the future form for biz (we): we will give.
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vereceğiz
vereceğiz: -ecek meets the vowel of -iz, so k becomes ğ; the stem vowel e is front, so -ecek, not -acak.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Give the present-tense form for o (he, she, it): is giving.
Give the past form for ben (I): gave.
Add the receiver's suffix: I am giving the teacher a book.
Give the future form for biz (we): we will give.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: I gave
Tap the parts in order to build this word: I am not giving
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Write three sentences about giving something to someone in your family: one in the present, one in the past and one in the future. Underline the receiver's ending in each.