Both patterns connect an action to its purpose, but they frame the goal differently.
The idea
Use dictionary-form intentional verbs with ために when the same person pursues a deliberate goal: 買うために働く. Use ように with potential, negative or non-volitional verbs to describe a desired state or outcome: 話せるように練習する. The subjects may differ with ように.
| Purpose pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| 意志動詞の辞書形+ために | 買うために |
| 可能形・ない形+ように | 話せるように |
| 非意志動詞+ように | 入るように |
Examples
- 試験に合格するために、毎日勉強します。I study every day to pass the exam.
- 自転車を買うために、お金をためました。I saved money to buy a bicycle.
- みんなが分かるように、ゆっくり話します。I speak slowly so that everyone can understand.
- 寝坊しないように、目覚ましをかけました。I set an alarm so I would not oversleep.
- 新鮮な空気が入るように、窓を開けます。I open the window so that fresh air comes in.
- 本を借りるために、図書館へ行きました。I went to the library to borrow a book.
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Watch out
Do not put a potential or negative goal such as 話せる or 忘れない before purpose ために; use ように. ために can also express a cause in other contexts.
Try it yourself
医者に なる__、勉強します。
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ために
ために — Becoming a doctor is the speaker’s intentional goal.
忘れない__、メモします。
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ように
ように — 忘れない expresses prevention, so it takes ように.
日本語が 話せる__、練習します。
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ように
ように — 話せる is a potential form expressing an ability to achieve.
車を 買う__、お金を ためます。
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ために
ために — Buying a car is an intentional action by the person saving.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Japanese sentences where available. We keep your score.
医者に なる__、勉強します。
忘れない__、メモします。
日本語が 話せる__、練習します。
車を 買う__、お金を ためます。
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
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Describe one deliberate goal and one outcome you want to make possible, using a different pattern for each.

