You will add plural, possessive and case endings to doktor and tell apart forms that are spelled the same.
The idea
The word ends in the voiced consonant r, and its last vowel o is back and rounded. So the endings take their back shape, and the four-way ones take u: doktorlar, doktora, doktorda, doktordan, doktorum, doktoru, doktorun, doktorumuz. Nothing softens: the r stays, unlike kitap → kitabı. After a consonant the dative needs no buffer: doktora, not doktorya.
| Word | Ending | Form |
|---|---|---|
| doktor | -lar | doktorlar |
| doktor | -um | doktorum |
| doktor | -un | doktorun |
| doktor | -u | doktoru |
| doktor | -umuz | doktorumuz |
| doktor | -a | doktora |
| doktor | -da | doktorda |
| doktor | -dan | doktordan |
Examples
- Yarın doktora gidiyorum.Tomorrow I am going to the doctor.
- Doktorumuz bugün hastanede.Our doctor is at the hospital today.
- Doktordan randevu aldım.I booked an appointment with the doctor.Turkish takes an appointment from the doctor, so the ablative -dan stands where English says with.
- Ben doktorum.I am a doctor.Here -um is the person ending for I am, not the possessive. The same word, doktorum, also means my doctor; the pronoun ben and the context decide.
- Doktorum bugün izinli.My doctor is off today.
- Doktoru çok seviyoruz.We like the doctor very much.Here -u marks a particular doctor as the object. In another sentence the same spelling means his or her doctor.
- Doktorun çantası masada.The doctor's bag is on the table.Doktorun is the genitive, the doctor's, and çantası carries the matching possessive. On its own, doktorun can also mean your doctor.
- doktorlarımızato our doctorsdoktorlar-ler / -lar: the plural suffixımız-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: oura-e / -a / -ye / -ya: to, towards
- doktorundanfrom his or her doctordoktoru-i / -si: his, her, itsnBuffer -n-: evinde, evinden, evinedan-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
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Watch out
Doktorum can mean "my doctor" or "I am a doctor", and doktoru can mean "the doctor" (object) or "his or her doctor". Do not decide by the shape alone; read the sentence: Doktorum izinli is "my doctor is off", Ben doktorum is "I am a doctor".
Try it yourself
Add the dative to doktor (doctor): to the doctor.
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doktora
doktora: the last vowel o is back, and the dative after a consonant is just -a, so no y is added.
Add the ending for our to doktor (doctor): our doctor.
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doktorumuz
doktorumuz: the rounded o asks for u in the four-way ending, and after a consonant it is -umuz.
Add the ablative to doktor (doctor): from the doctor.
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doktordan
doktordan: r is voiced, so the ablative starts with d, and the back vowel gives -dan.
Say I am a doctor: add the person ending to doktor.
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doktorum
doktorum: here -um is the person ending "I am", spelled like "my doctor"; the pronoun ben shows the meaning.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Add the dative to doktor (doctor): to the doctor.
Add the ending for our to doktor (doctor): our doctor.
Add the ablative to doktor (doctor): from the doctor.
Say I am a doctor: add the person ending to doktor.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: to our doctors
Tap the parts in order to build this word: from his or her doctor
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Write three sentences about doctors you know, using doktorum, doktora and doktordan once each.