A medicine can be found in a bag, belong to someone or be counted by the box. Use ilaç in these situations, then distinguish a specific object from a possessed noun.
The idea
The final a controls the endings of ilaç: ilaca, ilacım, ilaçlar. The stem changes to ilac- directly before a vowel, but keeps ç in ilaçta and ilaçtan. In bu ilaçtan iki kutu, the ablative selects the medicine whose quantity is being counted. İlacı can mark an object or mean his/her medicine; a possessed object becomes onun ilacını.
| Use | Turkish form |
|---|---|
| Base form: medicine | ilaç |
| Plural: medicines | ilaçlar |
| Accusative: specific object | ilacı |
| Dative: to the medicine | ilaca |
| Locative: in the medicine | ilaçta |
| Ablative: from / some of the medicine | ilaçtan |
| Genitive: of the medicine | ilacın |
| Instrumental: with medicine | ilaçla |
| My medicine | ilacım |
| Your medicine (singular) | ilacın |
| His/her medicine | ilacı |
| Our medicine | ilacımız |
| Your medicine (plural or polite) | ilacınız |
| Their medicine(s) | onların ilaçları |
| Our medicines | ilaçlarımız |
| His/her medicine as object | onun ilacını |
Examples
- Bu ilacı çantamda buldum.I found this medicine in my bag.
- İlaçlar hâlâ mavi çantada.The medicines are still in the blue bag.
- Babam ilacını evde unutmuş.It turns out my father left his medicine at home.
- Bu ilacın kutusu neden boş?Why is the box for this medicine empty?
- Bu ilaçtan iki kutu kalmış.It turns out there are two boxes of this medicine left.
- Bu ilaca ait kutuyu bulamadım.I could not find the box for this medicine.
- Onun ilacını kendi çantama koydum.I put his/her medicine in my own bag.
- ilaçlarımızour medicinesilaçlar-ler / -lar: the plural suffixımız-imiz / -ımız / -umuz / -ümüz: our
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Watch out
Do not translate “two tablets” automatically as iki ilaç: that phrase does not identify tablets as the unit. Name the unit when it matters: iki tablet or iki kutu ilaç. In the latter phrase, the number counts boxes and ilaç stays singular.
Try it yourself
Complete: I found this medicine in my bag. Write only the missing word.
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ilacı
ilacı: bu identifies the medicine being found, so it is a specific direct object. The accusative vowel follows the final a, and the stem ends in c before it.
Complete: It turns out there are two boxes of this medicine left.
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ilaçtan
ilaçtan: the two boxes are a quantity of this medicine. Here the ablative has a partitive sense; it does not mean that the boxes physically came out of the medicine.
Complete: I put his/her medicine in my own bag. Keep both possession and object marking.
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ilacını
ilacını: onun identifies the owner, so retain the possessive ilacı, add the linking n, then the accusative -ı. The whole possessed noun is the object of putting.
Complete with “our medicines” in the plural. The word meaning “our” is optional.
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ilaçlarımız / bizim ilaçlarımız
ilaçlarımız / bizim ilaçlarımız: several medicines belong to us, so plural -lar comes before possessive -ımız. The possessive ending already identifies the owner, making bizim optional.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete: I found this medicine in my bag. Write only the missing word.
Complete: It turns out there are two boxes of this medicine left.
Complete: I put his/her medicine in my own bag. Keep both possession and object marking.
Complete with “our medicines” in the plural. The word meaning “our” is optional.
ilaçlarımız / bizim ilaçlarımız
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: our medicines
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Imagine packing fictional belongings. Write one sentence about a specific medicine, one about someone else’s medicine and one about two boxes remaining. Explain each ending you chose.