içmek: to drink and to smoke
Tea, water, soup and cigarettes all take one Turkish verb. See içmek in the present, past, future and negative, and why içtim has a t.
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almak: to buy, to get, to take
How almak (to buy, get, take) works: a regular stem al-, the k of -acak turning into ğ in alacağım, and why a photo or a bus ride takes a different verb.
Read and practisevermek: to give
Who gets what? See how vermek puts the receiver in -e/-a and how its stem takes -iyor, -di and -ecek, including the softening in vereceğim.
Read and practisegörmek: to see
The ö of görmek rounds the endings that follow it: görüyorum and gördüm, not göriyorum. Present, past and future forms of görmek, to see.
Read and practisebakmak: to look at, to look after
Bakmak means to look at, and whatever you look at takes the dative. Its present, past and future forms, with baktım and bakacağız explained.
Read and practiseistemek: to want, to ask for
Conjugate istemek in the present, negative and past, say what you want, and put a second verb before it as in gitmek istiyorum.
Read and practisesevmek: to love, to like, with -i on the object
Say who or what you love or like: sevmek needs its object marked with -i (seni, kediyi). Present, past, future and negative forms, with seveceğim.
Read and practisebilmek: to know a fact, not a person
Bilmek is for facts, answers and skills; for someone you have met Turkish says tanımak. See all forms of bilmek in the present, the past and the negative.
Read and practisekonuşmak: to speak and to talk with someone
Talk with a friend, speak Turkish, stay quiet in a meeting: konuşmak marks the other person with ile, -le or -la. Present, past, future and negative forms.
Read and practiseokumak: to read, to study
Kitap okuyorum, okudum, okuyacağım: see why a vowel-final stem adds y before -acak, and how okumak also means to study at school or university.
Read and practiseyazmak: to write, and why it is yazdım, not yaztım
Yazmak is regular, yet its z is voiced: yazıyorum, yazdım, yazacağım. See the vowel before -yor, the d of the past, and how to say what you write and where.
Read and practiseoturmak: to sit, to live
Sitting down or living somewhere? Oturuyorum covers both. Learn oturmak in three tenses and when its place takes -de/-da or -e/-a.
Read and practiseçalışmak: to work, to study
Çalışmak covers a job, homework and a lift that runs: the workplace in -da, ders çalışmak for study, and why the past is çalıştım, not çalışdım.
Read and practiseuyumak: to sleep, to fall asleep
The stem uyu- ends in a vowel, which shapes every ending: uyuyorum, uyudum, uyuyacağım, uyumuyorum. Plus how uyumak differs from yatmak, going to bed.
Read and practiseanlamak: to understand, to get it
Anlıyorum, not anlayorum: the final a of anla- drops before -ıyor. See anlamak in the present, past, future and negative, with examples.
Read and practisesöylemek: to say, to tell, to sing
Who hears it, and what is said? Tell someone something with söylemek: the listener takes -e, the thing said takes -i. Forms: söylüyorum, söyledim, söyleyeceğim.
Read and practisebulmak: to find, to consider
Lost key or good film? Bulmak covers both: see why its rounded u gives buluyorum and buldum, and why searching for something is aramak, not bulmak.
Read and practiseöğrenmek: to learn
Öğreniyorum, not öğrenüyorum: only the last vowel of the stem chooses the ending. Present, past, future and negative forms, plus öğrenmek versus öğretmek.
Read and practiseöğretmek: to teach
Teach or learn? Öğretmek gives knowledge and öğrenmek receives it. See its forms, the person who learns in -e/-a, and the double t in öğrettim.
Read and practisebaşlamak: to begin, to start
A lesson, a job, a habit: what you begin takes -e/-a, and a verb before başlamak ends in -meye/-maya. Forms: başlıyorum, başladım, başlayacağım.
Read and practisebitirmek: to finish, and how it differs from bitmek
Ödevi bitirdim or ödev bitti? Learn bitirmek, to finish something with an object in the accusative, its forms in three tenses, and how it differs from bitmek.
Read and practisekalmak: to stay and to be left
Stay in a hotel, at a friend's place or at home: kalmak in the present, past and future, with a back-vowel stem that gives kalıyorum, kaldım and kalacağım.
Read and practisekalkmak: to get up, to leave
One letter from kalmak: kalkmak is to get up, stand and, for trains and planes, leave. See kalktım with -tı, kalkacağım with ğ and the ablative yataktan.
Read and practiseyürümek: to walk, with yürüyorum and yürüdüm
The ü at the end of yürü- brings a y before -ecek and rounds every past ending: yürüyorum, yürüdüm, yürüyeceğim, yürümüyorum.
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