You will conjugate açmak (to open, to turn on) in the present continuous, past, future and aorist, and tell the action apart from the state.
The idea
The stem aç- ends in the voiceless consonant ç and its vowel is the back vowel a. So the endings take their back shapes and a t: açıyorum, açtım (past -tı, not -dı), açacağım. The stem itself never changes: açıyor, açar; unlike gitmek → gidiyor, nothing softens. What you open takes the accusative when it is definite: kapıyı açıyorum; when it is indefinite it stays bare: hesap açıyorum.
| Person | Right now | Past | Future | Usually |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ben | açıyorum | açtım | açacağım | açarım |
| sen | açıyorsun | açtın | açacaksın | açarsın |
| o | açıyor | açtı | açacak | açar |
| biz | açıyoruz | açtık | açacağız | açarız |
| siz | açıyorsunuz | açtınız | açacaksınız | açarsınız |
| onlar | açıyorlar | açtılar | açacaklar | açarlar |
Examples
- Annem pencereyi açıyor.My mother is opening the window.
- Dükkânı sabah sekizde açıyoruz.We open the shop at eight in the morning.
- Dün akşam kutuyu açtık.We opened the box yesterday evening.The stem ends in voiceless ç, so the past starts with t: aç-tı-k, not açdık.
- Bu kavanozu açar mısın?Can you open this jar?The aorist açar plus the question particle makes a polite request; mı is written apart: açar mısın.
- Lütfen ışığı aç.Please turn on the light.Turkish also uses açmak for switching things on, such as light, TV or tap; the imperative is the bare stem aç.
- Yarın yeni bir hesap açacağım.Tomorrow I will open a new account.Hesap is indefinite (bir hesap), so it takes no accusative ending; a known account would be hesabı.
- açacağımI will openaçacağ-ecek / -acak: will, going toım-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we areBefore the vowel of -ım the k of -acak becomes ğ: açacağım. The stem aç itself stays unchanged.
- Kapı açık.The door is open.This describes a state, so Turkish uses the adjective açık, not the verb.
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Watch out
Do not use açmak for a state. Kapı açıyor does not say that the door is open; the verb needs someone who opens and something that is opened: Annem kapıyı açıyor. For the state use açık: Kapı açık. Watch aç too: the imperative "open!" and the adjective "hungry" look identical (Ben açım = I am hungry).
Try it yourself
Put açmak into the past for ben (I): Yesterday I opened the door.
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açtım
açtım: the stem ends in a voiceless ç, so the past ending starts with t (-tı); the back vowel gives ı, and -m means "I".
Put açmak into the future for biz (we): Tomorrow we will open the store.
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açacağız
açacağız: the back vowel a gives -acak; before the vowel of -ız the k becomes ğ, and -ız means "we".
Put açmak into the present continuous: They are opening the suitcase now.
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açıyorlar
açıyorlar: the back vowel a gives -ıyor, and -lar means "they".
Fill in the word for a state, not an action: The door is open.
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açık
açık: the sentence describes a state, not an action, so it needs the adjective, not a form of the verb.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Put açmak into the past for ben (I): Yesterday I opened the door.
Put açmak into the future for biz (we): Tomorrow we will open the store.
Put açmak into the present continuous: They are opening the suitcase now.
Fill in the word for a state, not an action: The door is open.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: I will open
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Write three sentences about things you open or turn on every day: one in the present continuous, one in the past and one in the future. Check the object for the accusative.