You will conjugate çıkmak in the present, past and future and choose between -den (leaving a place) and -e/-a (going up to it).
The idea
The stem of çıkmak is çık-, and it never changes: çıkıyorum, çıktım, çıkacağım. The vowel of -iyor follows harmony (çıkıyor), and the past starts with t after the voiceless k (çıktı). The place you leave takes -den/-dan: evden çıkıyorum. A place you climb up to takes -e/-a: dağa çıkmak. With no place at all the verb means to appear: Güneş çıktı.
| Person | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| ben | çıkıyorum | çıktım | çıkacağım |
| sen | çıkıyorsun | çıktın | çıkacaksın |
| o | çıkıyor | çıktı | çıkacak |
| biz | çıkıyoruz | çıktık | çıkacağız |
| siz | çıkıyorsunuz | çıktınız | çıkacaksınız |
| onlar | çıkıyorlar | çıktılar | çıkacaklar |
Examples
- Ben her sabah evden çıkıyorum.I leave the house every morning.The place you leave takes -den: ev → evden. The pronoun ben may be dropped: Her sabah evden çıkıyorum.
- Dün akşam dışarı çıktık.We went out last night.The word dışarı (outside, out) needs no ending here. The past ending begins with t after the voiceless k: çık-tı-k.
- Çocuklar ağaca çıktı.The children climbed a tree.With -e/-a, çıkmak means to go up to a place. The noun ağaç softens before a vowel: ağaç → ağaca.
- Ali bugün işten erken çıkmıyor.Ali is not leaving work early today.İş ends in the voiceless ş, so the ending starts with t: işten. Before -yor the negative -ma narrows to -mı-: çık-mı-yor.
- Yarın dağa çıkacağız.We will climb the mountain tomorrow.Before a vowel the k of -acak softens to ğ: -acağız. The stem çık- keeps its k: çıkacağız, not çığacağız.
- Güneş çıktı.The sun came out.Without a place, çıkmak means to appear or come out. The past form is the same çıktı.
- çıkıyorumI am going outçıkıyor-iyor / -ıyor / -uyor / -üyor: happening nowum-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
- çıktılarthey went outçıktı-di, -dı, -du, -dü, -ti: the past (geldi, yaptı)lar-ler / -lar: the plural suffix
- çıkacağızwe will go outçıkacağ-ecek / -acak: will, going toız-im / -sin / -iz / -siniz: I am, you are, we are
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Watch out
Learners who have just met gidiyorum soften the stem and write çığıyorum or çığacağım, but çık- keeps its k. The other slip is the case: evde çıkıyorum is not how to say that you leave the house, which needs evden, and -e would point the other way, towards going up to a place.
Try it yourself
Fill in: I am leaving the house. Use the present continuous of çıkmak.
Show answer or example answer
çıkıyorum
çıkıyorum: the stem çık- keeps its k, and -iyor takes the vowel ı to match the ı before it.
Fill in: We went out. Use the past tense of çıkmak.
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çıktık
çıktık: k is voiceless, so the past ending starts with t (-tı), followed by the first-person plural -k.
Fill in: The children will climb the mountain tomorrow. Use the future of çıkmak.
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çıkacak / çıkacaklar
çıkacak or çıkacaklar: after ı the future -acak needs the back vowel a, and the plural -lar is optional here.
Add the ablative to sınıf (classroom): we are leaving the classroom.
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sınıftan
sınıftan: f is voiceless, so the ablative starts with t, and the back vowel ı gives -tan; it names the place you leave.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Fill in: I am leaving the house. Use the present continuous of çıkmak.
Fill in: We went out. Use the past tense of çıkmak.
Fill in: The children will climb the mountain tomorrow. Use the future of çıkmak.
Add the ablative to sınıf (classroom): we are leaving the classroom.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: I am going out
Tap the parts in order to build this word: they went out
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Write three sentences about when you leave home, school or work, and one about climbing a hill, a roof or a tree. Underline each case ending and check that the stem still has its k.