Use harcamak for money spent, time devoted to a task and effort put into a project. You will say what resource is used, what it goes towards and when the spending happens.
The idea
The stem is harca-: harcıyorum has dotless ı, while harcadım keeps a. The future is harcayacağım, with linking y and ğ in the ending; the habitual form is harcarım. Compare para harcamak with paramı harcamak: a specific resource takes the accusative. What you spend it on can take the dative, as in kitaplara, or be expressed with için. Negative forms include harcamıyorum, harcamadım and habitual harcamam.
| Subject | Present continuous | Past | Future | Aorist: habits |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ben | harcıyorum | harcadım | harcayacağım | harcarım |
| sen | harcıyorsun | harcadın | harcayacaksın | harcarsın |
| o | harcıyor | harcadı | harcayacak | harcar |
| biz | harcıyoruz | harcadık | harcayacağız | harcarız |
| siz | harcıyorsunuz | harcadınız | harcayacaksınız | harcarsınız |
| onlar | harcıyorlar | harcadılar | harcayacaklar | harcarlar |
Examples
- Ben bu ay az harcıyorum.I am spending little this month.
- Dün kırtasiyede yüz lira harcadık.Yesterday we spent a hundred lira at the stationery shop.
- Ablam bütün parasını kitaplara harcadı.My older sister spent all her money on books.
- Bu rapor için çok zaman harcadık.We spent a lot of time on this report.
- Ekip bu proje için büyük emek harcıyor.The team is putting a lot of effort into this project.
- Gelecek ay daha az harcayacağım.I will spend less next month.
- Gereksiz şeylere para harcamam.I do not spend money on unnecessary things.
- Bütün paranı harcadın mı?Did you spend all your money?
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Watch out
Do not translate every “spend time” with harcamak. For a pleasant afternoon with friends, say Arkadaşlarımla zaman geçirdim. Use zaman harcamak when time is a resource devoted to something, as in Bu rapor için çok zaman harcadık. It does not automatically mean the time was wasted.
Try it yourself
Complete with the present continuous of harcamak: I am spending less than before now.
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harcıyorum
harcıyorum: the prompt asks for spending in progress, and ben identifies the speaker. The final a of harca- narrows to ı before -yor; harcıyor alone would refer to someone else.
Use the future of harcamak for “I”: tomorrow I will spend two hours on this job.
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harcayacağım
harcayacağım: yarın places the two hours in the future. The speaker needs the first-person ending: harcayacak becomes harcayacağım, with k changing to ğ before a vowel.
Complete with the negative past of harcamak for “we”: yesterday we spent no money.
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harcamadık
harcamadık: dün fixes the past and hiç para here requires a negative statement. The ending -dık makes the subject “we”; harcamadım would mean only “I”.
Add the ending to kitaplar: I spent all my money on books.
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kitaplara
kitaplara: the money, paramı, is the resource used up. The books are what it was spent on, so kitaplar takes dative -a, not accusative -ı.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
Complete with the present continuous of harcamak: I am spending less than before now.
Use the future of harcamak for “I”: tomorrow I will spend two hours on this job.
Complete with the negative past of harcamak for “we”: yesterday we spent no money.
Add the ending to kitaplar: I spent all my money on books.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
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Write three sentences about money, time and effort you devote to something. Use a different tense in each, then change one sentence to the negative.