Build an “after doing” phrase from a verb stem. The table gives all eight forms; the word chains isolate the verb form, which you follow with sonra.
The idea
Remove -mek or -mak, then attach the form in the table. Its first vowel follows the stem: a/ı → ı, e/i → i, o/u → u, ö/ü → ü. Use initial t after ç f h k p s ş t, otherwise d. The ending is always -tan or -ten after k, and sonra stays separate. The phrase places one completed action before another; it is not itself a past-tense verb, so it also works in a future plan.
| Last vowel | After a vowel or voiced consonant | Example | After a voiceless consonant | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a, ı | -dıktan | yazdıktan sonra | -tıktan | baktıktan sonra |
| e, i | -dikten | geldikten sonra | -tikten | gittikten sonra |
| o, u | -duktan | okuduktan sonra | -tuktan | unuttuktan sonra |
| ö, ü | -dükten | gördükten sonra | -tükten | düştükten sonra |
Examples
- Eve geldikten sonra dinlenirim.I rest after coming home.
- Çayı içtikten sonra çalışırım.I work after drinking the tea.
- Mesajı okuduktan sonra cevap veririm.I reply after reading the message.
- Yemeği yaptıktan sonra seni arayacağım.I will call you after preparing the meal.
- Yağmur durduktan sonra dışarı çıkacağız.We will go outside after the rain stops.
- Ders bittikten sonra kapı kapandı.The door closed after the lesson ended.
- geldiktenverbal part of “after coming”; add sonrageldikObject participle: the forms of -dikten-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
- okuduktanverbal part of “after reading”; add sonraokudukObject participle: the forms of -diktan-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
- yaptıktanverbal part of “after doing”; add sonrayaptıkObject participle: the forms of -diktan-den / -dan / -ten / -tan: from, out of
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Watch out
Do not carry the softened stem of gidiyorum into gittikten sonra. The suffix begins with a consonant, so git- keeps its t; the suffix adds another. Do not add a personal ending here: geldikten sonra, even when the speaker is “I”.
Try it yourself
gitmek → ___ (sonra)
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gittikten sonra
gittikten sonra: the stem is git-. Its final t requires -tikten, and its i selects the front unrounded vowel; both letters t remain.
okumak → ___ (sonra)
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okuduktan sonra
okuduktan sonra: removing -mak leaves oku-. The final u calls for -duktan. No buffer y is needed before the consonant d.
görmek → ___ (sonra)
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gördükten sonra
gördükten sonra: gör- ends in voiced r, so the suffix starts with d. The rounded front vowel ö selects ü; k stays before -ten.
yapmak → ___ (sonra)
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yaptıktan sonra
yaptıktan sonra: yap- ends in voiceless p, which selects initial t. Its a requires dotless ı, giving -tıktan; sonra is a separate word.
Practice round
Answer questions, then rebuild Turkish sentences and words where available. We keep your score.
gitmek → ___ (sonra)
okumak → ___ (sonra)
görmek → ___ (sonra)
yapmak → ___ (sonra)
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the words in the right order.
Tap the parts in order to build this word: verbal part of “after coming”; add sonra
Tap the parts in order to build this word: verbal part of “after reading”; add sonra
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For each verb, write the complete two-word phrase meaning “after doing”, including sonra. Then write a plan with two actions and underline the action that happens first.