Hak: a right, an entitlement or an attempt
A right or one more attempt? Follow hak through hakkım, hakkı and haklarımız, with case and possessive forms and the difference between having a right and being right.
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Özgürlük: freedom, cases and possession
Freedom as an idea or a personal choice: use özgürlük in cases, plural and possessive forms, and distinguish özgürüm from özgürlüğüm.
Read and practisekanun: law, its cases and possessive forms
A law’s title reveals the job of an ending: distinguish kanunu from kanunun, then practise cases, plurals and possession with original Turkish examples.
Read and practisemahkeme: court, cases and possessives
A court in a fictional town gives mahkeme its context: compare mahkemeyi with mahkemesini, then practise case, plural and possessive forms.
Read and practisesuç: crime, fault and noun forms
A crime in a novel and a delay blamed on someone both use suç. Practise its cases and possessives, keeping ç in suçu, suça and suçum.
Read and practisetoplum: society, its cases and possessives
A society contains many people, but the Turkish noun stays singular. Practise society forms, compare separate societies and describe the society you belong to.
Read and practiseKültür: culture, cases and noun compounds
Food culture gives this noun two layers of endings. Practise Turkish culture words in cases, plural and possessive forms, and keep the compound ending when adding a case.
Read and practiseTradition in Turkish: cases, plurals and possession
Keeping a family tradition alive gives Turkish noun endings a purpose: practise cases, plural and possessive forms, including the extra consonant before a case ending.
Read and practisetarih: history, dates and noun forms
A museum’s past and a meeting date both use tarih. Practise its cases, plurals and possessives, and distinguish tarihi from tarihini in a full sentence.
Read and practiseEdebiyat: literature, cases and literary traditions
Literary traditions give edebiyat a meaningful plural. Practise its cases and possessives, keep its final t, and build Türk edebiyatında correctly.
Read and practiseŞair: the poet and the possessive form
A poet or a poem? Keep şair distinct from şiir, explore its case and possessive forms, and see why bu şairi becomes derginin şairini.
Read and practiseNovel in Turkish: cases and possession
A novel’s ending can change your interpretation. Discuss novels in Turkish with case and possessive forms, and distinguish a particular novel from its author’s novel.
Read and practisehikâye: a story, its owner and its endings
A story gains an owner in hikâyesi and becomes an object in hikâyesini. Practise hikâye in cases, plural and possessive forms with original literary examples.
Read and practiseTiyatro: theatre, cases and possession
A theatre has a stage; a play has a plot. Build tiyatro case and possessive forms, from tiyatroyu to tiyatrosunu, and talk about theatres together.
Read and practiseSanat: art, arts and possessive forms
Art keeps its t in sanatı and takes a double t in sanatta. Explore the cases and possessives of sanat, and distinguish art forms from individual artworks.
Read and practisegelişme: development, events and noun forms
A project’s progress and an unexpected turn both use gelişme. Practise its cases and possessives, and distinguish gelişmeyi from gelişmesini.
Read and practisedeğişim: change and whose change it is
The final m in değişim belongs to the word, not to “my”. Build its cases, plural and possessives, and explain a neighbourhood’s change in Turkish.
Read and practiseSonuç: result, outcome and its forms
A result becomes sonucu when you announce it, but sonucunu when it belongs to a comparison. Practise Turkish cases, plurals and possessives with sonuç.
Read and practisePurpose in Turkish: cases and possession
A project’s purpose changes form when you explain it or work towards it. Practise the Turkish noun for purpose in cases, plurals and possessive constructions.
Read and practiseÇevre: environment, surroundings and social circles
Environmental protection, nearby streets and social circles all use çevre. Practise its cases and possessives, and distinguish çevreye from çevresine.
Read and practiseNature in Turkish: cases and possessive forms
From a woodland walk to the nature of a problem, practise the Turkish noun for nature in cases, plural and possessive forms without confusing their meanings.
Read and practiseClimate in Turkish: iklim and its endings
A region’s climate takes more than a daily forecast: use iklim in cases, plurals and possessives, and see why bölgenin iklimine needs an extra n.
Read and practisedeprem: earthquake forms and possessive endings
An earthquake in a story gives deprem a context: compare depremi and depreminde, practise cases and plurals, and distinguish an object from a possessive form.
Read and practiseEnerji: energy, possession and case
Energy for a machine or a demanding project: use enerji in cases and possessive forms, distinguish enerjiyi from enerjisini, and place the plural in context.
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