Mektup: letter, cases and possession
A letter in a drawer becomes mektubum when it is mine. Practise mektup in every case, build the plural, and distinguish mektubu from onun mektubunu.
Read and practiseAdventure journal
Turkish nouns
Learn each noun with its plural, case and possessive forms, then use it in short sentences.
Adventure journal
Turkish nouns
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sınav: exam forms and verb partners
Taking an exam and passing it need different endings: practise sınav in cases, plurals and possessives, from sınava to sınavlarımızda.
Read and practiseders: lesson, class and possessive forms
A class on your timetable becomes derse, derste or dersten in a sentence. Build the forms of ders and distinguish studying from studying a particular lesson.
Read and practisesözlük: dictionary forms and looking up words
A dictionary search brings two forms together: sözlüğe bakmak and sözlükte aramak. Practise cases, plurals and possession without losing the k–ğ contrast.
Read and practiseSoru: a question, your question, our questions
Soruyu or soruya? Answering a question takes different endings with different verbs. Practise soru in cases, plurals and possessive forms.
Read and practiseCevap: answer, reply and noun forms
An answer changes shape in cevabı, cevapta and cevaplarımız. Practise the cases and possessives of cevap, and see why answering a question uses soruya cevap vermek.
Read and practisekelime: word, case forms and possession
A word on the board becomes kelimeyi when you read it, but kelimesini when it belongs to someone. Practise cases, plurals and possessives with kelime.
Read and practiseSentence: Turkish cases, plural and possessives
Editing a sentence gives each ending a job: practise the Turkish noun for sentence in case, plural and possessive forms, including a friend’s sentence as an object.
Read and practisehata: a mistake, its owner and its correction
A crossed-out word can reveal a mistake: practise the cases and possessives of hata, then distinguish hatayı from hatasını when correcting someone’s work.
Read and practisefikir: idea, opinion and the missing vowel
One idea becomes fikrim, several become fikirlerim. Follow fikir through cases and possession, and use the right form when you agree with someone’s idea.
Read and practisekonu: a topic and its forms
A discussion needs a topic: follow konu through cases, plurals and possessives, and distinguish choosing a topic from naming the subject of a text.
Read and practiseSorun: problem, cases and possession
Whose problem are we solving? Follow sorun through its case and possessive forms, distinguish sorunu from sorununu, and keep the n in sorunum.
Read and practiseTatil: holiday, holidays and whose holiday
Packing can wait: distinguish tatile, tatilde and tatilden, then build the plural and possessive forms of tatil to describe a holiday from departure to return.
Read and practisesağlık: health, possession and case endings
Health as a topic or someone’s health: use sağlık, sağlığa and sağlığını, distinguish possession from case, and recognise the limited role of the plural.
Read and practiseHastalık: illness, cases and possessive forms
One illness, two readings of hastalığı: use hastalık in cases, plurals and possessive forms, and tell a specific object from someone’s illness.
Read and practisePain in Turkish: cases and possessive forms
Describing a recurring pain takes more than one ending: practise the Turkish noun for pain in cases, plurals and possessives, including “his or her pain” as an object.
Read and practiseMedicine in Turkish: cases, plurals and possession
Two boxes of medicine give noun endings a purpose: describe what remains, whose medicine it is, and why Turkish changes the final consonant in some forms.
Read and practisekaza: accident, cases and possessives
An accident can be the thing you discuss or an event someone experienced. Practise the Turkish noun’s cases, plurals and possessives, including traffic accidents.
Read and practiseSigorta: insurance, cases and possession
Insurance paperwork gives sigorta a practical setting: compare its case and possessive forms, and keep the compound ending when using sağlık sigortası as an object.
Read and practiseTax in Turkish: cases, plurals and possession
A tax calculation can refer to the tax, our tax or a company’s tax. Practise the Turkish forms and distinguish a specific object from a possessive.
Read and practiseMaaş: salary, cases and possession
Payday brings maaş into focus: distinguish a salary from someone’s salary, build its case and plural forms, and explain the extra n in maaşını.
Read and practiseFatura: bill and invoice forms
A bill on the table becomes faturayı or elektrik faturasını in a sentence. Practise fatura in cases, plurals and possessives without losing the compound ending.
Read and practiseBütçe: budget, cases and possession
A project budget takes several forms in Turkish: bütçeyi, bütçeye and bütçesine. Practise cases, plural and possession without changing the stem.
Read and practiseBorç: debt, borrowing and possessive forms
Whose debt is being repaid? Follow borç through borcu, borcum and borcunu, with a case table and examples that distinguish borrowing from lending.
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